{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T17:42:22Z","timestamp":1791654142289,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We performed a diagnostic disease investigation on a wild smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) with skin ulcers that was collected from Lake Oahe, South Dakota, following reports from anglers of multiple fish with similar lesions. Gross and histologic lesions of ulcerative dermatitis, myositis, and lymphocytolysis within the spleen and kidneys were consistent with largemouth bass virus (LMBV) infection. LMBV was detected by conventional PCR in samples of a skin ulcer, and the complete genome sequence of the LMBV (99,184 bp) was determined from a virus isolate obtained from a homogenized skin sample. A maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis based on the major capsid protein (MCP) gene alignment supported the LMBV isolate (LMBV-SD-2023) as a member of the species Ranavirus micropterus1, branching within the subclade of LMBV isolates recovered from North American largemouth (Micropterus salmoides) and smallmouth bass. This is the first detection of LMBV in wild smallmouth bass from South Dakota. The ultrastructure of the LMBV isolate exhibited the expected icosahedral shape of virions budding from cellular membranes. Viral nucleic acid in infected cells was visualized via in situ hybridization (ISH) within dermal granulomas, localized predominantly at the margin of epithelioid macrophages and central necrosis. Further sampling is needed to determine the geographic distribution, affected populations, and evolutionary relationship between isolates of LMBV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17081031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T14:22:44Z","timestamp":1753280564000},"page":"1031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pathology, Tissue Distribution, and Phylogenetic Characterization of Largemouth Bass Virus Isolated from a Wild Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0341-210X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine J. E.","family":"Haake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1940 Olympia Avenue, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1845 Ott Road, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas B.","family":"Waltzek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1940 Olympia Avenue, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1845 Ott Road, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chrissy D.","family":"Eckstrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1940 Olympia Avenue, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1845 Ott Road, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4320-8882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora","family":"Hickey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1940 Olympia Avenue, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joetta Lynn","family":"Reno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1940 Olympia Avenue, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca M.","family":"Wolking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1940 Olympia Avenue, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9969-6931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preeyanan","family":"Sriwanayos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1940 Olympia Avenue, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1845 Ott Road, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Lovy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Seattle, WA 98115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6940-8264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Renner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks, Ft. Pierre, SD 57532, USA"},{"name":"School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9289-3664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyle R.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1940 Olympia Avenue, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1845 Ott Road, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4822-3698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1940 Olympia Avenue, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 1845 Ott Road, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3354\/dao037107","article-title":"Molecular Characterization of a Ranavirus Isolated from Largemouth Bass Micropterus Salmoides","volume":"37","author":"Mao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dis. 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