{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:43:47Z","timestamp":1760060627236,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV into a chronic, manageable condition. This retrospective analysis of administrative data from Apulia (Southern Italy) covering 2018\u20132023 evaluated demographic changes, ART regimen trends, adherence, and the use of antihypertensives, statins, and antidiabetics among people with HIV (PWH). Temporal trends were assessed using compound annual growth rate (CAGR). ART adherence was measured as proportion of days covered (PDC), categorized as &lt;75%, 75\u201390%, and \u226590%. Over the study period, the proportion of PWH aged 18\u201354 declined, while those aged 55\u201364 and \u226565 increased (CAGRs: +10.9%, +14.3%). Use of single-tablet regimens rose from 45.1% to 79.6% (CAGR +12.1%), and integrase-based regimens increased from 52.0% to 69.0%, while protease inhibitor and multi-tablet regimens declined. Antihypertensives were the most prescribed concomitant drugs, followed by statins and antidiabetics (CAGRs: +5.8%, +9.7%, +9.5%). In 2023, 81.9% of subjects achieved PDC \u2265 90%, although lower adherence was observed in women and treatment-na\u00efve individuals. These findings indicate a shift toward simplified, integrase-based regimens and high ART adherence, alongside a growing cardiometabolic burden. Tailored strategies are needed to support adherence, particularly in women and treatment-na\u00efve individuals, and to address cardiovascular risk in aging PWH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17091212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T09:51:21Z","timestamp":1757065881000},"page":"1212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antiretroviral Adherence and Use of Antihypertensives, Statins, and Antidiabetics Among Elderly People with HIV: A 5-Year Real-World Study in Southern Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Pietro","family":"Trisolini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy Unit, IRCCS National Institute of Research \u201cSaverio De Bellis\u201d, 70013 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Cammarota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LinkHealth Health Economics, Outcomes & Epidemiology s.r.l., 80143 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Citarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LinkHealth Health Economics, Outcomes & Epidemiology s.r.l., 80143 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Fogliasecca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LinkHealth Health Economics, Outcomes & Epidemiology s.r.l., 80143 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Alicchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Local Health Authority Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Antonacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Department, Local Health Authority Bari, 70123 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romina","family":"Giannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Service, SS Annunziata Hospital, Local Health Authority Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Territorial Pharmaceutical Service, Local Health Authority Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariantonietta","family":"Piccoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy Unit, A. Perrino Hospital, Local Health Authority Brindisi, 72100 Brindisi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pomarico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy Department, Polyclinic of Bari, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9505-4340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cataldo","family":"Procacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Department, Local Health Authority BAT, 76125 Trani, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonino","family":"Siniscalco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy Unit Policlinic of Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Spennato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Local Health Authority Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Saracino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4729-7548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Lo Caputo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12421","article-title":"Life Expectancy of HIV-positive People after Starting Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: A Meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Teeraananchai","year":"2017","journal-title":"HIV Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000298","article-title":"Trends in Life Expectancy of HIV-Positive Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy across the Globe: Comparisons with General Population","volume":"11","author":"Wandeler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. 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