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Despite the widespread use of vaccines and historical YFV strains in experimental settings, there is limited information on the pathogenic behavior of contemporary wild-type isolates in animal models. To address this gap, this study aimed to develop and characterize a murine model infected with a wild-type YFV strain isolated in 2018, from Brazil\u2019s largest sylvatic outbreak in decades. In this study, four-week-old male and female C57BL\/6 IFNAR1\u2212\/\u2212 mice were subcutaneously infected with WT YFV. Mice exhibited a nearly 50% survival rate and developed several clinical signs. Viral loads were assessed in serum and some tissues, collected either upon euthanasia of moribund animals or at the end point. YFV RNA was detected in all sampled tissues and serum. Infectious viral particles were identified in the brains of both sexes and in the testis. No statistically significant differences were observed between males and females in survival, clinical signs, or viral loads. Altogether, this study provides a robust and reproducible murine model for wild-type YFV infection, offering a valuable platform for investigating viral pathogenesis, host responses, and potential therapeutic interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17101325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T08:21:51Z","timestamp":1759220511000},"page":"1325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["In Vivo Characterization and Tissue Tropism of a Wild-Type Yellow Fever Virus Isolate from the 2017\u20132018 Brazilian Outbreak in C57BL\/6 IFNAR1\u2212\/\u2212 Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ana Luiza Campos","family":"Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de V\u00edrus\u2014Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4284-2674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia Lima","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de V\u00edrus\u2014Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ester Maria Paiva","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de V\u00edrus\u2014Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9303-4338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrynna Brito","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de V\u00edrus\u2014Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica Pauline Coelho","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de V\u00edrus\u2014Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha Stephany Fiuza Meneses","family":"Viegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de V\u00edrus\u2014Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Catarina Dias Soares","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de V\u00edrus\u2014Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9659-5621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Augusto","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)\u2014Ren\u00e9 Rachou Institute, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cintia Lopes","family":"de Brito Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crozet BioPharma LLC, Lexington, MA 02421, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas P.","family":"Monath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crozet BioPharma LLC, Lexington, MA 02421, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5494-4889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olindo Assis","family":"Martins-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)\u2014Ren\u00e9 Rachou Institute, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9a","family":"Teixeira-Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)\u2014Ren\u00e9 Rachou Institute, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Desiree","family":"LaBeaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nidia Esther Colquehuanca","family":"Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de V\u00edrus\u2014Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4049-4055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bet\u00e2nia Paiva","family":"Drumond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de V\u00edrus\u2014Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klitting, R., Fischer, C., Drexler, J.F., Gould, E.A., Roiz, D., Paupy, C., and De Lamballerie, X. 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