{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T10:45:23Z","timestamp":1782902723908,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lower respiratory infections are a leading cause of death in children under five years. Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an underestimated causal agent of these infections. In this study, the molecular epidemiology of HMPV associated with respiratory infections in Mexican children between August 2023 and August 2024 was determined. Sequences were also analyzed for predicted N- and O-linked glycosylation sites. Overall, 34 sequences from infants with respiratory infections were obtained; 32 were assigned to the A2b2 genotype, one to A2b1, and one to B2. All but one of the A2b2 sequences carried the 111-nucleotide duplication of the G gene; the remaining sequence carried the 180-nucleotide duplication. The samples assigned to the A2b1 and B2 genotypes did not have a duplication. The HMPV-A phylogeny did not show a clustering of Mexican sequences as a single monophyletic group. Four N-linked glycosylation sites were predicted in the HMPV-A sequences and three in the B sequence. The number of O-linked glycosylation sites predicted in HMPV-A ranged from 61 to 77 and were 61 in the HMPV-B sequence. This first description of HMPV genotypes and the diverse array of G protein N- and O-linked glycosylation patterns found in a Mexican pediatric population in the post-pandemic period contributes to the understanding of the global spread of HMPV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17101338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T09:38:08Z","timestamp":1759397888000},"page":"1338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Molecular Epidemiology of Human Metapneumovirus Infections in Children from San Luis Potos\u00ed-Mexico"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9062-2631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Marrero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Colonia Lomas de San Luis, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78210, SLP, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7284-0194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Escalante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Colonia Lomas de San Luis, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78210, SLP, Mexico"},{"name":"Microbiology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed, Av. Venustiano Carranza 2405, Colonia Lomas de los Filtros, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78210, SLP, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Michell","family":"Yerena-Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Colonia Lomas de San Luis, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78210, SLP, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Rub\u00e9n","family":"Jaime-Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Colonia Lomas de San Luis, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78210, SLP, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7178-1786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 J.","family":"Leija-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Colonia Lomas de San Luis, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78210, SLP, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7762-2882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Ni\u00f1ez y la Mujer \u201cDr. Alberto L\u00f3pez Hermosa\u201d, Blvd. Antonio Rocha Cordero 2510, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78364, SLP, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4840-6742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Noyola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Colonia Lomas de San Luis, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78210, SLP, Mexico"},{"name":"Microbiology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed, Av. Venustiano Carranza 2405, Colonia Lomas de los Filtros, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78210, SLP, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa025472","article-title":"Human metapneumovirus and lower respiratory tract disease in otherwise healthy infants and children","volume":"350","author":"Williams","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1004.030555","article-title":"Human metapneumovirus infection among children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness","volume":"10","author":"Mullins","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg. 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