{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T16:30:39Z","timestamp":1780677039288,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Gachon University Research Fund of 2022","award":["GCU-202209160001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GCU-202209160001"]}]},{"name":"The Government-wide R&D to Advance Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Republic of Korea","award":["RS-2023-KH140339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-KH140339"]}]},{"name":"The Government-wide R&D to Advance Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Republic of Korea","award":["HG23C1611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HG23C1611"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic pathogen characterized by high fatality rates and pandemic potential, whereby there is an urgent need for developing safe and effective vaccines. However, the evaluation of NiV vaccine-induced immunity is hindered by the requirement of Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) containment. In this study, we developed a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)-based pseudovirus-expressing NiV fusion (F) and attachment (G) glycoproteins using a luciferase reporter gene for bioluminescence detection. This pseudovirus was optimized for production in BHK-21 (WI-2) cells, and simultaneous incorporation of NiV-F and NiV-G onto the surface of the pseudotyped virus was confirmed via immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. We evaluated our pseudovirus-based neutralization assay using NiV-F-immunized mouse sera and a commercial anti-NiV-G antibody, confirming robust neutralization by the latter. To establish a BSL-2-compatible model for evaluating in vivo protective efficacy, we performed in vivo imaging, which revealed a marked reduction in the luminescence signal in NiV-G-immunized mice compared to na\u00efve controls, indicating vaccine-induced protection. Our study established an integrated in vitro and in vivo pseudovirus platform using rVSV that enables safe, quantitative, and BSL-2-compatible evaluation of NiV vaccine candidates. This model offers a valuable tool for preclinical screening of vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody responses and protective efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17111429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T13:59:36Z","timestamp":1761659976000},"page":"1429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Establishment of a VSV-Based Pseudovirus Platform for In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Nipah Vaccine-Induced Neutralizing Responses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5244-4270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong Eun","family":"Bae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immunology, Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minhyuk","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immunology, Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Younghye","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immunology, Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min Jung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immunology, Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-In","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Gachon University, GAIST, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2054-7014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kee-Jong","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Gachon University, GAIST, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4556-5553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae-Ouk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immunology, Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2018). 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