{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T17:50:32Z","timestamp":1761760232046,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research","award":["201818006A","201919013A","202019010A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201818006A","201919013A","202019010A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accurate diagnosis of adenoviral conjunctivitis is critical for timely treatment and infection control. However, conventional lateral flow kits often lack sufficient sensitivity, especially in mild cases. This multicenter prospective study evaluated the diagnostic performance of silver-amplified lateral flow kits (SA-LFKs) compared with non-silver-amplified kits (NSA-LFKs), using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as the reference standard. Tear samples from 200 patients with suspected adenoviral conjunctivitis were collected across four clinics and analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, and genotype coverage. The SA-LFK demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity (86.0%) than the NSA-LFK (72.0%) (p &lt; 0.001), with both kits showing high specificity (100% and 98.1%, respectively). Pooled analysis revealed that sensitivity was significantly lower in mild-to-moderate cases than in severe cases for both kits, suggesting that clinical severity influences detection performance. Across all severity levels, the SA-LFK consistently demonstrated higher sensitivity than the NSA-LFK, including in mild-to-moderate cases (77.8% vs. 59.3%, p = 0.004), supporting its superior diagnostic performance. The SA-LFK showed robust performance across eight identified adenovirus genotypes and maintained higher positivity rates even at lower viral loads. These findings support the clinical utility of SA-LFKs for early diagnosis and outbreak containment in diverse settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17111442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T17:38:22Z","timestamp":1761759502000},"page":"1442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnostic Performance of a Silver-Amplified vs. a Non-Amplified Lateral Flow Kit for Adenoviral Conjunctivitis: A Multicenter Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4861-4349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuguto","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1039-6278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nozomu","family":"Hanaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenichiro","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisatoshi","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hobara Eye Clinic, Date 960-0612, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kobayashi Pediatric Clinic, Fujieda 426-0067, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisashi","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokushima Eye Clinic, Tokyo 189-0024, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Hatano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hatano Eye Clinic, Fujisawa 251-0052, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Tsukahara-Kawamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6984-7678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hironori","family":"Migita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Migita Eye Clinic, Chikushino 818-0083, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FUJIFILM Corporation, Tokyo 107-0052, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoharu","family":"Kuramoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FUJIFILM Corporation, Tokyo 107-0052, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9586-4164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eiichi","family":"Uchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aoki, K., Gonzalez, G., Hinokuma, R., Yawata, N., Tsutsumi, M., Ohno, S., and Kitaichi, N. 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