{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T07:21:57Z","timestamp":1781853717604,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["171058\/2023-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["171058\/2023-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["304971\/2022-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304971\/2022-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education\u2014CAPES"},{"name":"For Women in Sciences Grant by L\u2019Oreal Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alphavirus chikungunya (CHIKV) is an arthropod-borne alphavirus of the Togaviridae family, transmitted primarily by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. CHIKV infection often results in debilitating manifestations that compromise quality of life and generate significant socioeconomic impacts. Recurrent epidemics in tropical and subtropical regions underscore the urgent need to better understand the host immune responses and their contribution to disease outcome. CHIKV establishes infection by overcoming the host\u2019s initial immunological barriers. Innate immune cells, including fibroblasts, dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils and natural killer (NK) cells, are among the first to respond to infection, ensuring a rapid antiviral defense and supporting the development of adaptive immune responses. However, excessive release of inflammatory mediators and prolonged infiltration of innate cells into joint tissues contribute to disease chronicity and the persistence of arthralgia. In this review, we provide a comprehensive synthesis of current evidence on innate cells that serve as targets for CHIKV infection, highlighting mechanisms that promote effective antiviral defense as well as those responsible for pathological inflammation and chronic disease and identifying key gaps that remain to be addressed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17111469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T13:47:58Z","timestamp":1762177678000},"page":"1469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Role of Innate Cells During Alphavirus Chikungunya Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1583-8186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliane Santos de Fran\u00e7a da","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5790-4647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livian Maria Silva dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5634-9548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9lio Valdevino","family":"Ferreira Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie de Sena","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9666-5992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Navarro Ueda","family":"Yaochite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry & Nursing, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60355-636, Cear\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valter Ferreira de","family":"Andrade Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4564-6791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Marcos da Matta","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1846-6007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael Freitas De Oliveira","family":"Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation FIOCRUZ, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 21040-900, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0611-6859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramayana Morais de Medeiros","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6887-8931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela Sales Lima","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) (2025, October 29). 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