{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:32:12Z","timestamp":1762255932109,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Article Processing Charge"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this multicenter, retrospective study involving 62 patients, we investigated whether switching from entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) represents a superior treatment strategy for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) experiencing low-level viremia (LLV). The study determined that TAF significantly improved both virological and biochemical outcomes. At 48 weeks, the complete virological response (CVR) rate was 77.8% for those who switched from ETV and 81.8% for those who switched from TDF, with Hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid (HBV DNA) negativity reaching 81% by month 12. Additionally, significant normalization of liver enzymes, albumin, and platelet counts was observed across the cohort. While the switch from TDF was associated with a significant increase in triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), no such changes were detected in the ETV group. This evidence suggests that TAF provides robust virological control in LLV patients and is associated with favorable biochemical improvements. However, due to the study\u2019s limitations, the strong assertion that TAF promotes the regression of liver fibrosis and reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) must be interpreted with caution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17111471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:11:16Z","timestamp":1762254676000},"page":"1471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of the Efficacy of Tenofovir Alafenamide in Patients with Low-Level Viremia Under Chronic Hepatitis B Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8674-2141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alper","family":"Tahmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya 07000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1090-0166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merve","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z Dikmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya 07000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8646-2203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Figen","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Antalya Life Hospital, Antalya 07000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4151-5903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00fcrkkan","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk Kaygusuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, F\u0131rat University, Elaz\u0131g 23000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1514-1685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O\u011fuz","family":"Karabay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5876-2241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa Kemal","family":"\u00c7elen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbak\u0131r 21000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1944-2477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sevil","family":"Alkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, \u00c7anakkale On Sekiz Mart University, \u00c7anakkale 17000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1706-230X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuba","family":"Damar \u00c7ak\u0131rca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, \u015eanl\u0131urfa Training and Research Hospital, \u015eanl\u0131urfa 63000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8518-4598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fethiye","family":"Akg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Batman Training and Research Hospital, Batman 72000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2540-2060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u0131la","family":"Akhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3123-0963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esra","family":"G\u00fcrb\u00fcz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van 65000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3722-4660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u015eafak","family":"\u00d6zer Balin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, F\u0131rat University, Elaz\u0131g 23000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0583-929X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, \u015eanl\u0131urfa 63000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1148-2247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet","family":"\u00c7abalak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal \u00dcniversitesi, Hatay 31000, 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