{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:15:14Z","timestamp":1787030114109,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81902063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81902063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82202505"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82202505"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Program of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","award":["CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0679"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0679"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Program of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0391"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Program of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","award":["CSTB2023NSCQ-BHX0154"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2023NSCQ-BHX0154"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","award":["KJQN202300401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJQN202300401"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","award":["KJQN202300442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJQN202300442"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","award":["KJQN202400433"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJQN202400433"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","award":["KJQN202500443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJQN202500443"]}]},{"name":"CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine","award":["W0094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W0094"]}]},{"name":"CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine","award":["W0073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W0073"]}]},{"name":"Undergraduate Research Skills Development Program of College of Pharmacy Chongqing Medical University","award":["YCZX20250712"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YCZX20250712"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mpox, caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), remains a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) and poses a serious global health threat. Current therapeutic options for MPXV infection are limited. The orthopoxvirus dual-specificity phosphatase H1 plays critical roles in suppressing interferon signaling, regulating early viral transcription, and modulating viral core protease activity. Suppressing H1 expression markedly reduces the production of infectious viral particles, highlighting it as a promising antiviral target. Here, we developed a high-throughput enzymatic assay using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as a substrate to discover MPXV H1 inhibitors. We demonstrated that both the N-terminal helix \u03b11, which mediates H1 dimerization, and the catalytic residue Cys110 are indispensable for enzymatic activity, validating them as potential \u201chot spots\u201d for drug design. Screening identified 17 potent inhibitors with nanomolar IC50 values and minimal cytotoxicity. Molecular docking revealed that these inhibitors bind within the active site of MPXV H1, interacting with residues in the P-loop and WPD-loop, thereby restricting substrate access and suppressing activity. This study identifies several potent inhibitors of MPXV H1, establishing a foundation for the development of novel antivirals against MPXV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17111493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T09:10:45Z","timestamp":1763025045000},"page":"1493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["High-Throughput Discovery of Inhibitors Targeting Monkeypox Virus H1 Phosphatase"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Chengcheng","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2463-6652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mailikezhati","family":"Alifu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haojun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuecen","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengmeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7733-6547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junchi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-024-01690-1","article-title":"Understanding the Biology of Monkeypox Virus to Prevent Future Outbreaks","volume":"9","author":"Moss","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. 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