{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T01:13:35Z","timestamp":1792199615163,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UZH Global Strategy and Partnerships Funding Scheme","award":["K-53420-02 01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K-53420-02 01"]}]},{"name":"UZH Scientific Research Grant","award":["F-53130-44-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F-53130-44-01"]}]},{"name":"Small Animal Foundation, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich","award":["F-53130-45-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F-53130-45-01"]}]},{"name":"Swiss Association for Small Animal Medicine","award":["F-53420-10-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F-53420-10-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal but now treatable disease in cats caused by feline coronavirus (FCoV). This study prospectively investigated viral coinfections in 100 cats diagnosed with FIP and subsequently treated with oral GS-441524 (Bova UK) and their influence on outcome, focusing on viruses potentially associated with feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS). Cats were tested for feline leukemia virus (FeLV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus (FHV), feline foamy virus (FFV), and feline gammaherpesvirus (FcaGHV1). Coinfections were identified at the following frequencies: FCV (27), FFV (22), FHV (6), FIV (4), FcaGHV1 (2), and FeLV (2, both progressive infections). FFV infection was significantly associated with FIV (pF = 0.0021) and FHV (pF = 0.0226) infection. FCGS was present in 25\/97 cats with FCV infection being associated with FCGS (pF = 0.0032); no significant associa-tions were found for the other viruses and FCGS. The 42-day oral GS-441524 treatment\u2019s success rate was 94% (five cats died, one relapsed). Coinfections did not significantly influence disease severity or treatment outcome, although the low number of cases for some pathogens warrants further investigation. However, advanced age was associated with treatment failure, potentially due to delayed diagnosis as FIP is considered to be less common in older individuals, or to age-related changes in immune function. In summary, viral coinfections, particularly with FCV, were common and should be considered in the clinical and hygienic management of cats with FIP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17111505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T14:04:07Z","timestamp":1763388247000},"page":"1505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Viral Coinfections Potentially Associated with Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis in Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Wenk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Center for Clinical Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3609-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina L.","family":"Meli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Center for Clinical Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0304-7647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sol\u00e8ne M.","family":"Meunier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Felten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1386-1188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celia C.","family":"de Witt Curtius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Center for Clinical Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4291-5092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aline","family":"Crespo Bouzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Center for Clinical Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Cerchiaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Center for Clinical Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benita","family":"Pineroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Center for Clinical Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7289-3459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Kipar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Unterer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0470-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Zwicklbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, D80539 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5256-863X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrin","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, D80539 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9750-4296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina","family":"Hofmann-Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Center for Clinical Studies, University of 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