{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T00:46:01Z","timestamp":1780101961779,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016083","name":"the \u201c333 Talent Project\u201d Funding Program (key funding) of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A20221003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A20221003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018914","name":"the Open Fund Project of Fujian Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FKADL-2023-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FKADL-2023-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018914","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been confirmed as the predominant epidemic strain in China. Traditional vaccine strains fail to provide complete immune protection when challenged with an epidemic strain. NDV vaccines with phylogenetic relationships closer to those of the endemic viruses demonstrate improved protective efficacy in reducing viral shedding and transmission. This research seeks to develop attenuated vaccine strains that are specifically aligned with NDV genotype VII. A reverse genetics system for the genotype VII NDV HB strain was developed, successfully rescuing the attenuated recombinant virus aHB by substituting the fusion protein (F) cleavage site motif \u201c112R-R-Q-K-R\u2193F117\u201d with \u201c112G-R-Q-G-R\u2193L117.\u201d Recombinant aHB virus attenuation was verified by assessing the mean death time (MDT) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI). The attenuated aHB strain demonstrated greater proliferation titers than did the virulent HB and rHB strains both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the genome exhibited significant genetic stability even after 10 passages in chicken embryos. When challenged with the HB strain of NDV genotype VII, the aHB-inactivated vaccine provided 100% protection to chickens and effectively prevented viral shedding. These findings indicate that recombinant aHB may serve as an effective vaccine candidate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17121618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T13:32:37Z","timestamp":1765805557000},"page":"1618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An Attenuated Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus of Genotype VII Generated by Reverse Genetics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2804-1668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongze","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yidan","family":"Bo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongzhi","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baishi","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"},{"name":"Hebei Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Diseases, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenming","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wuchao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"},{"name":"Hebei Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanzhe","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"},{"name":"Hebei Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"},{"name":"North China Research Center of Animal Epidemic Pathogen Biology, China Agriculture Ministry, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalonda, A., Saasa, N., Kajihara, M., Nao, N., Moonga, L., Ndebe, J., Mori-Kajihara, A., Mukubesa, A.N., Sakoda, Y., and Sawa, H. 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