{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:45:34Z","timestamp":1792154734106,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Porcine cytomegalovirus, more accurately classified as porcine roseolovirus (PCMV\/PRV), was shown to be pathogenic in the context of xenotransplantation. Transmission of PCMV\/PRV to non-human primates receiving hearts or kidneys from virus-positive pigs significantly reduced the survival time of the recipients. PCMV\/PRV was also transmitted to the first human recipient of a pig heart transplant and contributed to the patient\u2019s death. Although PCMV\/PRV is highly prevalent in all pig breeds and wild boars, including slaughterhouse pigs, no infections or diseases have been reported in healthy, ill, or immunocompromised humans, suggesting that this virus is not zoonotic and should therefore be classified as xenozoonotic. This indicates that this virus is not zoonotic and must be classified as xenozoonotic. Moreover, it remains unclear whether PCMV\/PRV is capable of infecting human cells in vitro. To address this question, human 293T cells resistant to hygromycin were co-cultured with porcine fallopian tube (PFT) cells producing PCMV\/PRV. After hygromycin selection, the remaining human cells showed no evidence of infection. Because herpesviruses are generally considered to be species-specific\u2014a notion that has been shown to be not entirely correct\u2014it was also investigated whether PCMV\/PRV can infect mouse cells using the same approach. Similarly, no infection was observed. Since the target cells employed in both assays had a reduced capacity to resist viral infection, the findings strongly suggest that PCMV\/PRV is unable to infect human or mouse cells, which are equipped with functional antiviral mechanisms. This is supported by findings from the patient who received the first pig heart transplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v18010021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T10:57:18Z","timestamp":1766487438000},"page":"21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Porcine Cytomegalovirus\/Porcine Roseolovirus, Previously Transmitted During Xenotransplantation, Does Not Infect Human 293T and Mouse Cells with Impaired Antiviral Defense"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Hina","family":"Jhelum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Free University Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7952-2124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reinhold","family":"Sch\u00e4fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1328-2695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedikt B.","family":"Kaufer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Free University Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3244-6085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joachim","family":"Denner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Free University Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajt.2022.12.023","article-title":"Milestones on the path to clinical pig organ xenotransplantation","volume":"23","author":"Cooper","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. 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