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This descriptive, cross-sectional observational study aimed to investigate and analyze the neurological manifestations in patients treated at the Service for the Care of People Living with HTLV (Servi\u00e7o de Atendimento \u00e0 Pessoa Vivendo com HTLV-SAPEVH) at the Federal University of Par\u00e1. A cohort of 957 individuals underwent screening for HTLV-1\/2 infection using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with seropositive samples subsequently confirmed via Western blotting or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). HTLV-1\/2 infection was confirmed in 69 individuals. Of these, fifteen individuals\u2014diagnosed with HTLV-1 (n = 11) or HTLV-2 (n = 4) infection\u2014who presented with neurological complaints at the first nursing consultation, were referred to a neurologist for clinical evaluation of neurological signs and symptoms. Most of the patients were female (13), ranging from 33 to 80 years of age. Neurological symptoms were present in 86.7%, and included spasticity, paraparesis, chronic pain, both motor and sensory deficits, as well as urinary disorders, predominantly affecting the thoracic spinal cord and lower limbs. Urinary symptoms were observed in 77% of symptomatic patients, often preceding other neurological signs that suggest a role as \u201csentinel symptoms\u201d in the clinical screening of HTLV carriers. The results demonstrated the presence of neurological impairment in patients infected with both HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, with motor symptoms ranging from moderate to advanced. In addition, cases of cranial nerve and upper limb involvement were reported, a finding that is rarely described in the literature. The study highlights the importance of neurological assessment as early as possible in patients infected with either HTLV-1 or HTLV-2 and suggests that sphincter dysfunctions can serve as early clinical markers of future neurological impairment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v18030340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T08:43:31Z","timestamp":1773132211000},"page":"340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neurological Signs and Symptoms in Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 Infected Patients Living in the Amazon Region, Northern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Giovani Camelo do","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas Thiago Ferreira","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hemengella Karyne Alves","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2916-4036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcio Yutaka","family":"Tsukimata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca Lumi Inomata da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline Cecy Rocha","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6443-6720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Borges de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel dos Santos","family":"Pereira Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Leit\u00e3o","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto, Bel\u00e9m 66.073-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Ishak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1135-6507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio Carlos Ros\u00e1rio","family":"Vallinoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres","family":"Vallinoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66.075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"ICTV\u2014International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2025, June 18). 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