{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T01:43:55Z","timestamp":1788918235918,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis in children &lt; 24 months and a major public health concern, causing high rates of Emergency Department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admissions. Nirsevimab is a recombinant monoclonal antibody recommended for all infants and high-risk children &lt; 24 months. A retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted to evaluate the impact of nirsevimab introduction on bronchiolitis epidemiology in an Italian tertiary pediatric ED, accounting for 40,000 admissions\/year. All children &lt; 24 months who presented to our ED with bronchiolitis during two consecutive RSV seasons (first season: 1 October 2023 to 30 April 2024; second season: 1 October 2024 to 30 April 2025) were included. Descriptive and multivariate analyses are reported. Overall, 484 patients were analyzed (336 in 2023\u20132024; 148 in 2024\u20132025), with immunization coverage reaching 87.5% by April 2025. Compared with the previous season, RSV positivity decreased significantly (32.4% vs. 47.9%; p = 0.003) and was lower in immunized children (16.2% vs. 51.5%; p &lt; 0.001). Immunization was associated with a reduced risk of RSV-positive swab in the second season (OR = 0.159, 95% CI: 0.059\u20130.397). Among RSV-negative patients, other respiratory viruses increased (p &lt; 0.001), while co-infections increased in RSV-positive cases (p = 0.021). Hospitalization rates remained stable, though absolute admissions were halved. In conclusion, nirsevimab immunization reduced RSV burden, supporting its inclusion in universal prevention programs and the need for multicenter prospective studies to assess long-term outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v18040469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T07:37:19Z","timestamp":1776325039000},"page":"469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Epidemiological Impact of Nirsevimab on Admissions for Bronchiolitis in a Pediatric Emergency Department: A Single-Center Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7756-5075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Castagno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carola","family":"Aschieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Public Health Sciences, Postgraduate School of Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Ferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Public Health Sciences, Postgraduate School of Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"El Khbazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2185-2179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Milani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8601-1899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosanna Irene","family":"Comoretto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0147-6516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Raffaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Tardivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8894-350X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Spada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Bondone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9257-900X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franca","family":"Fagioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy"},{"name":"Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30938-8","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Disease Burden Estimates of Acute Lower Respiratory Infections Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Young Children in 2015: A Systematic Review and Modelling Study","volume":"390","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01016-9","article-title":"Bronchiolitis","volume":"400","author":"Dalziel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31829b7e43","article-title":"Viral Etiologies of Infant Bronchiolitis, Croup and Upper Respiratory Illness during 4 Consecutive Years","volume":"32","author":"Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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