{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:12:01Z","timestamp":1787757121793,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Military Infectious Disease Research Program","award":["188228935"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["188228935"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Crimean\u2013Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) are tick-borne pathogens that cause severe illness and high mortality. Early diagnosis is critical, particularly in resource-limited settings, to enable timely intervention. Host gene expression profiling offers a promising approach to identify potential biomarkers for early detection, disease staging, and logical treatment decision-making. Using a transient IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2 receptor-suppressed mouse model, we performed targeted transcriptomic analysis on blood samples collected at 2, 3, and 4 days after CCHFV or SFTSV challenge. A significant increase in viral load and changes in gene expression were observed as early as two days post-challenge. CCHFV induced a progressively evolving interferon-driven response, while SFTSV triggered rapid, sustained immune activation. Affected targets included interferon-stimulated genes, chemokines, cytokines, Toll-like receptors, and genes associated with viral evasion and innate immune response. Despite shared expression patterns, unique genes were identified as potential biomarkers to distinguish between CCHFV and SFTSV infections. Differential gene expression revealed distinct immune response dynamics, with suppression of critical immune regulatory genes suggesting transcriptional signatures associated with viral evasion mechanisms contributing to disease severity. These findings provide a comparative analysis of molecular pathways and gene expression changes, offering critical insights for biomarker discovery, effective triage, and evaluation of appropriate medical intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v18050504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:43:51Z","timestamp":1777448631000},"page":"504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dynamic Changes in Host Immune Response During Crimean\u2013Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Doreswamy","family":"Kenchegowda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology Branch, Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"},{"name":"Chenega Professional and Technical Service, Chesapeake, VA 23320, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian D.","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology Branch, Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"},{"name":"Chenega Professional and Technical Service, Chesapeake, VA 23320, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Shamblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology Branch, Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Collin J.","family":"Fitzpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology Branch, Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"},{"name":"Chenega Professional and Technical Service, Chesapeake, VA 23320, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle L.","family":"Porier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology Branch, Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6503-9200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"Coyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Koehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious 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