{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:37:42Z","timestamp":1777887462599,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032486","name":"Qatar Research, Development and Innovation Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ARG01-0521-230249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARG01-0521-230249"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032486","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dengue virus (DENV) and SARS-CoV-2 are emerging viral pathogens that share overlapping clinical features, including fever, fatigue, and respiratory symptoms, complicating differential diagnosis in endemic regions. Their co-circulation has increased the risk of co-infections, which may result in unpredictable disease progression, increased morbidity, and mortality. This overlap presents a significant challenge in managing outbreaks, as both viruses pose a major public health threat. Vaccines and direct-acting antivirals may be rendered ineffective by viral mutations, making it difficult to address evolving strains. Host-directed antivirals offer a promising alternative, potentially maintaining efficacy against a multitude of variants. Both DENV and SARS-CoV-2 rely on host proteases for viral maturation and entry, with furin playing a crucial role in viral glycoprotein cleavage. In DENV, furin cleaves the prM protein, facilitating virion maturation, while in SARS-CoV-2, the polybasic furin cleavage site in the spike protein enhances viral entry. This makes furin a compelling pan-viral target, where inhibiting furin could reduce viral fitness without relying on viral mutations. This review highlights the therapeutic rationale for targeting furin and discusses luteolin, a furin inhibitor showing antiviral activity against both viruses. Furin-targeted therapies may offer a durable antiviral strategy effective across DENV serotypes, SARS-CoV-2 variants, and co-infection settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v18050509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:43:51Z","timestamp":1777448631000},"page":"509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Furin as a Novel Pan-Viral Therapeutic Target: Implications for Dengue and SARS-CoV-2"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8322-5702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina","family":"Shalaby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaman","family":"Al-Haneedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Abdelhamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7592-2788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadi","family":"Yassine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"},{"name":"College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed M.","family":"Emara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-025-06235-3","article-title":"Dengue: Epidemiology, diagnosis methods, treatment options, and prevention strategies","volume":"170","author":"Kothari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16055","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.55","article-title":"Dengue infection","volume":"2","author":"Guzman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-024-01030-9","article-title":"Dengue virus pathogenesis and host molecular machineries","volume":"31","author":"Sinha","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"WHO (2025, October 06). Dengue. 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