{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:16:18Z","timestamp":1785417378662,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022YFD1302100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1302100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2025YFD1800104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025YFD1800104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007932","name":"Gansu Agricultural University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["GSAU-JSFW-2024-80"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GSAU-JSFW-2024-80"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007932","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["GSAU-JSFW-2024-80"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GSAU-JSFW-2024-80"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05ym42410","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the current epidemiology and genetic evolution of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) on cattle farms in Gansu Province, China, between 2021 and 2025. A total of 749 samples from 62 farms across 14 cities and prefectures in Gansu were tested. The overall BVDV positivity rate was 19.89%, determined by amplification of the 5\u2032-UTR and Npro regions. Seven subtypes were identified: BVDV-1a, -1b, -1d, -1m, -1v, -1u, and -2a. BVDV-1u was the predominant subtype (59.06%), followed by BVDV-1v (13.42%). The greatest subtype diversity was observed in Jinchang City and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. A non-cytopathic BVDV-1v strain, designated YC-2025-Gansu2 (GenBank accession no. PV945812.1), was isolated. This study expands the BVDV subtype database for Gansu and supports the development of subtype-specific prevention strategies in the region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v18060598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T15:05:08Z","timestamp":1779721508000},"page":"598","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic Evolutionary Analysis and Characterization of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Gansu Province, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0904-1430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3540-7882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shandian","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongli","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangqing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jijun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8386-0262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ligang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8016-0511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youjun","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2020.1487-1494","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea in Colombian cattle","volume":"13","author":"Ortega","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. 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