{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T05:06:56Z","timestamp":1780549616753,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E-26\/110.111\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/110.111\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E-26\/204.169\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/204.169\/2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["314082\/2020-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["314082\/2020-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["156996\/2023-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["156996\/2023-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"PIBIC\/UFRJ program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"CAPES","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vaccinia virus strain Cantagalo (CTGV) causes a pustular disease in dairy cows and milkers in Brazil. Outbreaks in several states have been frequently reported, but the full genome sequence and genomic analysis of isolates from the Northeast region have never been described. Here, we report CTGV outbreaks in two Northeastern states, affecting milkers, lactating cows, and suckling calves. The farms were located in the main dairy belt of Pernambuco, in the Borborema Plateau, and in a rural region of Bahia. Of the 12 samples that tested positive for CTGV, five had their genomes fully sequenced. They cluster with CTGV isolates from Goi\u00e1s (Midwest region, 2022) and S\u00e3o Paulo (Southeast region, 2023) but diverge from isolates from the Southeast in the early 2000s. Two clinical isolates have accumulated greater genetic variability and segregate separately from the other three isolates from the Northeast, showing evidence of potential recombination events with the FAI-01 isolate from the Midwest region (2022). We also detected Parapoxvirus and CTGV coinfection in some animals. These findings likely suggest different episodes of virus introduction in these states. The spread of CTGV raises concerns about the potential impact on local economic activities and underscores the importance of avoiding raw milk consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v18060629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T06:17:31Z","timestamp":1780467451000},"page":"629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genomic Insights into the Spread of Vaccinia Virus Strain Cantagalo to Rural Regions of Northeastern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0446-7089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria J\u00falia","family":"Cadrieskt-Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3224-0132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matheus Nobrega","family":"Luques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0192-4895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Hir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5494-9317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Lucas O.","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9gis Linhares","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3652-8370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina Maciel","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keilla Maria P.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Dr. Milton Bezerra Sobral, Secretaria Estadual de Sa\u00fade, Recife 50050-250, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayara Matias O. M. da","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Dr. Milton Bezerra Sobral, Secretaria Estadual de Sa\u00fade, Recife 50050-250, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1443-6185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego Arruda","family":"Falc\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Dr. Milton Bezerra Sobral, Secretaria Estadual de Sa\u00fade, Recife 50050-250, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana Bahiense da","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diretoria de Vigil\u00e2ncia Epidemiol\u00f3gica da Secretaria de Sa\u00fade do Estado da Bahia, Secretaria Estadual de Sa\u00fade, Salvador 41745-002, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arabela Leal S.","family":"Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Professor Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Secretaria Estadual de Sa\u00fade, Salvador 41745-900, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jussara Lagos O.","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Professor Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Secretaria Estadual de Sa\u00fade, Salvador 41745-900, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6299-2816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clarissa R.","family":"Damaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doen\u00e7as Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes (NEEDIER), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e349","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00574-6","article-title":"Prevention of monkeypox with vaccines: A rapid review","volume":"22","author":"Poland","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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