{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:31:04Z","timestamp":1785403864840,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022297","name":"Embrapa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022297","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005668","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio \u00e0 Pesquisa do Distrito Federal","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005668","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04c807f09","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Planta Praga"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00x0ma614","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) is a carlavirus that is transmitted by whiteflies and can also be spread through seeds in cowpea, soybean, and common bean. Seed transmission of CPMMV has been described in various countries; however, it was only recently reported in Brazil as a seed-transmitted virus in soybean. CPMMV has spread widely in bean-growing areas in recent years. Most Brazilian farmers use harvested grains as seed for reseeding, increasing the risk of seedborne infection. In this study, we examine seed transmission of CPMMV in two bean cultivars using RT-PCR in combination with nucleic acid hybridization. The plants evaluated were obtained from seeds harvested in commercial and experimental fields and from seeds collected in transmission experiments using either mechanical or whitefly inoculation. The observed seed transmission was estimated between 10 to 45% for \u2018BRS FC 401 RMD\u2019 and 13 to 22% for \u2018P\u00e9rola\u2019. In addition, evidence of secondary transmission (23.3%) by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 was observed. These results suggest that CPMMV could be spread in bean fields by sowing infected seeds and that germinated plants could serve as an inoculum for whitefly transmission. This is the first report of seed transmission of CPMMV in common bean in Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v18070752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T09:53:46Z","timestamp":1783418026000},"page":"752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Seed Transmission of Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus in Common Beans in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Bruna","family":"Pinheiro-Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia, Bras\u00edlia 70770-917, Brazil"},{"name":"PPG BioMol, Universidade de Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70275-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6702-6430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreza H.","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia, Bras\u00edlia 70770-917, Brazil"},{"name":"PPG BioMol, Universidade de Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70275-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo P.","family":"Felix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia, Bras\u00edlia 70770-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0443-7598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dione M. T.","family":"Alves-Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia, Bras\u00edlia 70770-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4811-6400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiano","family":"Lacorte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia, Bras\u00edlia 70770-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josias C.","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Arroz e Feij\u00e3o, Santo Ant\u00f4nio de Goi\u00e1s 75375-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuel F. M.","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia, Bras\u00edlia 70770-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0461-1821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia Valle","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Arroz e Feij\u00e3o, Santo Ant\u00f4nio de Goi\u00e1s 75375-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando L.","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia, Bras\u00edlia 70770-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4965-1424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone G.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia, Bras\u00edlia 70770-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"CONAB (2025). 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