{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T04:44:17Z","timestamp":1786164257917,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020163","name":"Skoll Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020163","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05jg1c033","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000181","name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/011e9bt93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009898","name":"Defense Health Agency","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009898","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03df8gj37","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) are segmented, double-stranded RNA viruses that infect a broad range of mammalian hosts, including humans. Although MRVs have been detected in wastewater in parts of Southeast Asia, they have not previously been reported in U.S. wastewater. Using the VirCapSeq-VERT pan-viral sequencing assay, we identified MRV type 2 (MRV-2) in a wastewater sample collected in March 2024 from the United States Air Force Academy. Complete genome sequences were recovered for all 10 segments. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the virus clustered most closely with an MRV isolate recovered from a big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus) in Pennsylvania, with additional genomic similarity to a second bat-derived isolate from Nebraska. The MRV sequence signal declined rapidly in subsequent wastewater samples and was nearly undetectable two weeks later. These findings represent the first reported detection of MRV in U.S. wastewater and demonstrate the utility of pan-viral wastewater surveillance for identifying uncommon viruses with potential public health relevance. Continued genomic and epidemiologic surveillance will improve understanding of MRV circulation and zoonotic transmission in North America.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v18080862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T14:45:47Z","timestamp":1786027547000},"page":"862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pan-Viral Sequencing Surveillance Identifies Mammalian Orthoreovirus 2 in United States Wastewater"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6691-6583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John P.","family":"Collins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Alliance for Preventing Pandemics, Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Mechikoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, US Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Pressley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Sciences Research Center, US Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine R.","family":"Jarriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Sciences Research Center, US Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riley E. M.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, US Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cullen","family":"Ingersoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, US Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang-Jun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Alliance for Preventing Pandemics, Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Briese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Alliance for Preventing Pandemics, Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armand L.","family":"Balboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Sciences Research Center, US Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5034-2100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Kenneth","family":"Wickiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Alliance for Preventing Pandemics, Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arnaboldi, S., Righi, F., Filipello, V., Trogu, T., Lelli, D., Bianchi, A., Bonardi, S., Pavoni, E., Bertasi, B., and Lavazza, A. (2021). Mammalian Orthoreovirus (MRV) Is Widespread in Wild Ungulates of Northern Italy. 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