{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:09:31Z","timestamp":1791515371635,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":332,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,19]],"date-time":"2011-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus closely related to the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). BLV is a major animal health problem worldwide causing important economic losses. A series of attempts were developed to reduce prevalence, chiefly by eradication of infected cattle, segregation of BLV-free animals and vaccination. Although having been instrumental in regions such as the EU, these strategies were unsuccessful elsewhere mainly due to economic costs, management restrictions and lack of an efficient vaccine. This review, which summarizes the different attempts previously developed to decrease seroprevalence of BLV, may be informative for management of HTLV-1 infection. We also propose a new approach based on competitive infection with virus deletants aiming at reducing proviral loads.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v3071210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,19]],"date-time":"2011-07-19T11:43:49Z","timestamp":1311075829000},"page":"1210-1248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":171,"title":["Preventive and Therapeutic Strategies for Bovine Leukemia Virus: Lessons for HTLV"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Sabrina M.","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA), University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), 4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Florins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), 5030, Gembloux, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Gillet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA), University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), 4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alix","family":"De Brogniez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), 5030, Gembloux, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Teresa","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Alcaraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), 5030, Gembloux, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Boxus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), 5030, Gembloux, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanny","family":"Boulanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA), University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), 4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ger\u00f3nimo","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agron\u00f3micas, INTA, C.C. 1712, Castelar, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Trono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agron\u00f3micas, INTA, C.C. 1712, Castelar, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agron\u00f3micas, INTA, C.C. 1712, Castelar, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Vagnoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agron\u00f3micas, INTA, C.C. 1712, Castelar, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Willems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA), University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), 4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"},{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), 5030, Gembloux, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Hypertrophy der Malpighischen K\u00f6rperoen der Milz","volume":"16","author":"Leisering","year":"1871","journal-title":"Berl. 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