{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T10:54:14Z","timestamp":1789901654320,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]],"date-time":"2013-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes are adaptive immune cells that play a key role in the immune response to pathogens. They have been extensively studied in a variety of model systems and the mechanisms by which they function are well described. However, the responses by these cell types vary widely from pathogen to pathogen. In this review, we will discuss the role of CD8 and CD4 T cells in the immune response to West Nile  virus infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v5102573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,23]],"date-time":"2013-10-23T07:45:42Z","timestamp":1382514342000},"page":"2573-2584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["CD8 and CD4 T Cells in West Nile Virus Immunity  and Pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jason","family":"Netland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Bevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA"},{"name":"The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1086\/313737","article-title":"The West Nile Virus outbreak of 1999 in New York: The Flushing Hospital experience","volume":"30","author":"Asnis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. 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