{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T07:42:04Z","timestamp":1774597324369,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]],"date-time":"2014-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA88763"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA88763"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA119917"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA119917"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC2 CA148407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC2 CA148407"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 CA009126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 CA009126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 AI060527"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 AI060527"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 AI007110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 AI007110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) microRNAs are encoded in the latency-associated region. Knockdown of KSHV miR-K12-3 and miR-K12-11 increased expression of lytic genes in BC-3 cells, and increased virus production from latently infected BCBL-1 cells. Furthermore, iSLK cells infected with miR-K12-3 and miR-K12-11 deletion mutant viruses displayed increased spontaneous reactivation and were more sensitive to inducers of reactivation than cells infected with wild type KSHV. Predicted binding sites for miR-K12-3 and miR-K12-11 were found in the 3\u2019UTRs of the cellular transcription factors MYB, Ets-1, and C\/EBP\u03b1, which activate RTA, the KSHV replication and transcription activator. Targeting of MYB by miR-K12-11 was confirmed by cloning the MYB 3\u2019UTR downstream from the luciferase reporter. Knockdown of miR\u2011K12-11 resulted in increased levels of MYB transcript, and knockdown of miR-K12-3 increased both C\/EBP\u03b1 and Ets-1 transcripts. Thus, miR-K12-11 and miR-K12-3 contribute to maintenance of latency by decreasing RTA expression indirectly, presumably via down\u2011regulation of MYB, C\/EBP\u03b1 and Ets-1, and possibly other host transcription factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v6104005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]],"date-time":"2014-10-23T12:28:28Z","timestamp":1414067308000},"page":"4005-4023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["KSHV miRNAs Decrease Expression of Lytic Genes in Latently Infected PEL and Endothelial Cells by Targeting Host Transcription Factors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Karlie","family":"Plaisance-Bonstaff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Beals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Krueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Boss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Gay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5897-9536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Haecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianhong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Renne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"UF Institute of Genetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7997879","article-title":"Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma (see comments)","volume":"266","author":"Chang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199505043321802","article-title":"Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-related body-cavity-based lymphomas","volume":"332","author":"Cesarman","year":"1995","journal-title":"N. 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