{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T18:59:58Z","timestamp":1785265198295,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,5]],"date-time":"2015-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004875","name":"DFG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB796"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB796"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004875","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"IZKF Erlangen","award":["projects A62 and J45"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["projects A62 and J45"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies, also termed nuclear domain 10 (ND10), have emerged as nuclear protein accumulations mediating an intrinsic cellular defense against viral infections via chromatin-based mechanisms, however, their contribution to the control of herpesviral latency is still controversial. In this study, we utilized the monocytic cell line THP-1 as an in vitro latency model for human cytomegalovirus infection (HCMV). Characterization of THP-1 cells by immunofluorescence andWestern blot analysis confirmed the expression of all major ND10 components. THP-1 cells with a stable, individual knockdown of PML, hDaxx or Sp100 were generated. Importantly, depletion of the major ND10 proteins did not prevent the terminal cellular differentiation of THP-1 monocytes. After construction of a recombinant, endotheliotropic human cytomegalovirus expressing IE2-EYFP, we investigated whether the depletion of ND10 proteins affects the onset of viral IE gene expression. While after infection of differentiated, THP-1-derived macrophages as well as during differentiation-induced reactivation from latency an increase in the number of IE-expressing cells was readily detectable in the absence of the major ND10 proteins, no effect was observed in non-differentiated monocytes. We conclude that PML, hDaxx and Sp100 primarily act as cellular restriction factors during lytic HCMV replication and during the dynamic process of reactivation but do not serve as key determinants for the establishment of HCMV latency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v7062751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,5]],"date-time":"2015-06-05T10:23:07Z","timestamp":1433499787000},"page":"2884-2907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Contribution of the Major ND10 Proteins PML, hDaxx and Sp100 to the Regulation of Human Cytomegalovirus Latency and Lytic Replication in the Monocytic Cell Line THP-1"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Nadine","family":"Wagenknecht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Reuter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Scherer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Reichel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Stamminger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V93.1.394","article-title":"Peripheral blood CD14(+) cells from healthy subjects carry a circular conformation of latent cytomegalovirus genome","volume":"93","author":"Mocarski","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05056.x","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus persists in myeloid progenitors and is passed to the myeloid progeny in a latent form","volume":"126","author":"Khaiboullina","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. 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