{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:18:14Z","timestamp":1760242694701,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,4]],"date-time":"2016-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI022693","T32AI007319","P30CA062203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI022693","T32AI007319","P30CA062203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of California MRPI","award":["143226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["143226"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite being intensely studied for more than 50 years, a complete understanding of the enterovirus replication cycle remains elusive. Specifically, only a handful of cellular proteins have been shown to be involved in the RNA replication cycle of these viruses. In an effort to isolate and identify additional cellular proteins that function in enteroviral RNA replication, we have generated multiple recombinant polioviruses containing RNA affinity tags within the 3\u2032 or 5\u2032 noncoding region of the genome. These recombinant viruses retained RNA affinity sequences within the genome while remaining viable and infectious over multiple passages in cell culture. Further characterization of these viruses demonstrated that viral protein production and growth kinetics were unchanged or only slightly altered relative to wild type poliovirus. However, attempts to isolate these genetically-tagged viral genomes from infected cells have been hindered by high levels of co-purification of nonspecific proteins and the limited matrix-binding efficiency of RNA affinity sequences. Regardless, these recombinant viruses represent a step toward more thorough characterization of enterovirus ribonucleoprotein complexes involved in RNA replication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v8020039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,4]],"date-time":"2016-02-04T10:26:22Z","timestamp":1454581582000},"page":"39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Generation of Recombinant Polioviruses Harboring RNA Affinity Tags in the 5\u2032 and 3\u2032 Noncoding Regions of Genomic RNAs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Dylan","family":"Flather","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Cathcart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"},{"name":"Present address: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Casey","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Baggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7171-6477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuan","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Gershon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bert","family":"Semler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/20.7.1739","article-title":"Towards identification of cis-acting elements involved in the replication of enterovirus and rhinovirus RNAs: A proposal for the existence of tRNA-like terminal structures","volume":"20","author":"Pilipenko","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.63.1.467-470.1989","article-title":"Role of 3\u2032-end sequences in infectivity of poliovirus transcripts made in vitro","volume":"63","author":"Sarnow","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. 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