{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T23:19:51Z","timestamp":1774567191423,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]],"date-time":"2016-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea","award":["Z-AD14-2011-12-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-AD14-2011-12-01"]}]},{"name":"Technology Development Program for Bio-industry, Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea","award":["311007-5 and 313005-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["311007-5 and 313005-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>One of the major hurdles to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) vaccinology is the limited or no cross-protection conferred by current vaccines. To overcome this challenge, a PRRS chimeric virus (CV) was constructed using an FL12-based cDNA infectious clone in which open reading frames (ORFs) 3\u20134 and ORFs 5\u20136 were replaced with the two Korean field isolates K08-1054 and K07-2273,respectively. This virus was evaluated as a vaccine candidate to provide simultaneous protection against two genetically distinct PRRS virus (PRRSV) strains. Thirty PRRS-negative three-week-old pigs were divided into five groups and vaccinated with CV, K08-1054, K07-2273, VR-2332, or a mock inoculum. At 25 days post-vaccination (dpv), the pigs in each group were divided further into two groups and challenged with either K08-1054 or K07-2273. All of the pigs were observed until 42 dpv and were euthanized for pathological evaluation. Overall, the CV-vaccinated group exhibited higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1), interferon-gamma (IFN-\u03b3), and interleukin-12 (IL-12) expression and of serum virus-neutralizing antibodies compared with the other groups after vaccination and also demonstrated better protection levels against both viruses compared with the challenge control group. Based on these results, it was concluded that CV might be an effective vaccine model that can confer a broader range of cross-protection to various PRRSV strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v8080240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]],"date-time":"2016-08-22T10:40:33Z","timestamp":1471862433000},"page":"240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Evaluation of the Cross-Protective Efficacy of a Chimeric Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Constructed Based on Two Field Strains"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Nadeem","family":"Shabir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8384-1854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amina","family":"Khatun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salik","family":"Nazki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bumseok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun-Jin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 430-757, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3969-7285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyoung-Jin","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0465-0794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Won-Il","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Zimmerman, J.J., Karriker, L.A., Ramirez, A., Schwartz, K.J., and Stevenson, G.W. 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