{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T11:45:52Z","timestamp":1778154352954,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Knowledge about a vaccine\u2019s side effects and efficacy is important to improving public vaccine acceptance. This study aimed to detect the safety and efficacy of vaccines among the Egyptian population. Methodology and Results: Data was collected using an online survey from participants who took two doses of the BBIBP-CorV, ChAdOx1, or BNT162 vaccines. Pain at the vaccine injection site, muscle pain, fatigue, dizziness, fever, and headache were the most common side effects after the first and second doses. The number pf side effects was higher in ChAdOx1 than in BNT162 and BBIBP-CorV. Most of the side effects started on the first day after vaccination and persisted for 1\u20132 days. Vaccinated people with past coronavirus infections before vaccination developed better antibodies than those who were only vaccinated. The side-effect severity was greater after the first dose of BBIBP-CorV and ChAdOx1 than after the second dose, but in contrast, the side-effect severity was greater after the second dose of BNT162 vaccine than after the first dose. ChAdOx1 was more effective than BBIBP-CorV, and one dose of ChAdOx1 produced an immune response similar to that of two doses of BBIBP-CorV. Conclusions: Coronavirus vaccines were well-tolerated, safe, and produced an immune response against the virus in most cases. Most postvaccine side effects were mild to moderate, which indicated the building of immunity by the body for protection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10010109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T04:15:25Z","timestamp":1641960925000},"page":"109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Side Effects and Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines among the Egyptian Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5466-0552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwa O.","family":"Elgendy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Teaching Hospital of Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0980-5185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed O.","family":"El-Gendy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tarek Yehia","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, El-Arish 45518, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0227-8404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed E. A.","family":"Abdelrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1442-183X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaaqal University, Basra 61014, Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00271-13","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00271-13","article-title":"Mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-induced acute lung injury","volume":"4","author":"Gralinski","year":"2013","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.3126\/nje.v10i4.32519","article-title":"The relevance of digital mental healthcare during COVID-19: Need for innovations","volume":"10","author":"Kar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nepal J. 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