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This vaccine can induce immune response polarization towards a Th1 profile, which is desired for counteracting M. tb, other mycobacteria, and unrelated intracellular pathogens. The vaccine BCG has been used as a vector to express recombinant proteins and has been shown to protect against several diseases, particularly respiratory viruses. Methods: BCG was used to develop recombinant vaccines expressing either the Nucleoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 or Andes orthohantavirus. Mice were immunized with these vaccines with the aim of evaluating the safety and immunogenicity parameters. Results: Immunization with two doses of 1 \u00d7 108 CFU or one dose of 1 \u00d7 105 CFU of these BCGs was safe in mice. A statistically significant cellular immune response was induced by both formulations, characterized as the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Stimulation with unrelated antigens resulted in increased expression of activation markers by T cells and secretion of IL-2 and IFN-\u03b3, while increased secretion of IL-6 was found for both recombinant vaccines; all of these parameters related to a trained immunity profile. The humoral immune response elicited by both vaccines was modest, but further exposure to antigens could increase this response. Conclusions: The BCG vaccine is a promising platform for developing vaccines against different pathogens, inducing a marked antigen-specific immune response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10050721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T10:49:30Z","timestamp":1651661370000},"page":"721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["BCG-Based Vaccines Elicit Antigen-Specific Adaptive and Trained Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and Andes orthohantavirus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jorge A.","family":"Soto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"},{"name":"Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello, Santiago 7550196, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabi\u00e1n E.","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angello","family":"Retamal-D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2046-7882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicol\u00e1s M. S.","family":"G\u00e1lvez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Melo-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"},{"name":"Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello, Santiago 7550196, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6190-9494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Pi\u00f1a-Iturbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario A.","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6794-7544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Bohmwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7709-6870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo A.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7551-8088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan M.","family":"Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7622-5263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis M.","family":"Kalergis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular y Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Endocrinolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2012.721768","article-title":"An update on vaccines for tuberculosis \u2013 there is more to it than just waning of BCG efficacy with time","volume":"12","author":"Romano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Biol. 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