{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:31:17Z","timestamp":1772253077919,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute respiratory infection- related hospitalisations in infants (RSVh). Most of these infants are younger than 6 months old with no known risk factors. An efficient RSVh prevention program should address both mothers and infants, relying on Non-Pharmaceutical (NPI) and Pharmaceutical Interventions (PI). This study aimed at identifying the target population for these two interventions. Methods: Laboratory-confirmed RSV-infected infants hospitalised during the first 6 months of life were enrolled from the Hospices Civils de Lyon birth cohort (2014 to 2018). Clinical variables related to pregnancy and birth (sex, month of birth, birth weight, gestational age, parity) were used for descriptive epidemiology, multivariate logistic regression, and predictive score development. Results: Overall, 616 cases of RSVh in 45,648 infants were identified. Being born before the epidemic season, prematurity, and multiparity were independent predictors of RSVh. Infants born in January or June to August with prematurity and multiparity, and those born in September or December with only one other risk factor (prematurity or multiparity) were identified as moderate-risk, identifying the mothers as candidates for a first-level NPI prevention program. Infants born in September or December with prematurity and multiparity, and those born in October or November were identified as high-risk, identifying the mothers and infants as candidates for a second-level (NPI and PI) intervention. Conclusions: It is possible to determine predictors of RSVh at birth, allowing early enrollment of the target population in a two-level RSV prevention intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10050729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,8]],"date-time":"2022-05-08T23:27:25Z","timestamp":1652052445000},"page":"729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Identifying the Target Population for Primary Respiratory Syncytial Virus Two-Step Prevention in Infants: Normative Outcome of Hospitalisation Assessment for Newborns (NOHAN)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Marine","family":"Jourdain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Laboratoire Associ\u00e9 au Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5250-6036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Benchaib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine et de la Reproduction, H\u00f4pital Femme M\u00e8re Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500 Bron, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Ploin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de R\u00e9animation P\u00e9diatrique et d\u2019Accueil des Urgences, H\u00f4pital Femme M\u00e8re Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500 Bron, France"},{"name":"CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPatH, Universit\u00e9 Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, \u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Gillet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de R\u00e9animation P\u00e9diatrique et d\u2019Accueil des Urgences, H\u00f4pital Femme M\u00e8re Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500 Bron, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Etienne","family":"Javouhey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de R\u00e9animation P\u00e9diatrique et d\u2019Accueil des Urgences, H\u00f4pital Femme M\u00e8re Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500 Bron, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Come","family":"Horvat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de R\u00e9animation P\u00e9diatrique et d\u2019Accueil des Urgences, H\u00f4pital Femme M\u00e8re Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500 Bron, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Massoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Gyn\u00e9cologie-Obst\u00e9trique, H\u00f4pital Femme-M\u00e8re-Enfant, 69000 Bron, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marine","family":"Butin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9onatologie et de R\u00e9animation, H\u00f4pital Femme-M\u00e8re-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, N\u00e9onatale, 69500 Bron, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Claris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9onatologie et de R\u00e9animation, H\u00f4pital Femme-M\u00e8re-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, N\u00e9onatale, 69500 Bron, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8959-2123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Lina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Laboratoire Associ\u00e9 au Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France"},{"name":"CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPatH, Universit\u00e9 Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, \u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3271-9856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Sebastien","family":"Casalegno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Laboratoire Associ\u00e9 au Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France"},{"name":"CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPatH, Universit\u00e9 Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, \u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the VRS study group in Lyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S119","DOI":"10.1016\/S1526-0542(04)90023-1","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus: The virus, the disease and the immune response","volume":"5","author":"Ogra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Paediatr. 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