{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:13:42Z","timestamp":1787030022599,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Talent Introduction of Project of Chengdu University","award":["2081918021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2081918021"]}]},{"name":"Talent Introduction of Project of Chengdu University","award":["2018HH0007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018HH0007"]}]},{"name":"Talent Introduction of Project of Chengdu University","award":["2016-XT00-00023-GX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-XT00-00023-GX"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2081918021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2081918021"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2018HH0007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018HH0007"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2016-XT00-00023-GX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-XT00-00023-GX"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Bureau Program of Chengdu Municipal Government","award":["2081918021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2081918021"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Bureau Program of Chengdu Municipal Government","award":["2018HH0007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018HH0007"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Bureau Program of Chengdu Municipal Government","award":["2016-XT00-00023-GX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-XT00-00023-GX"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) is a crucial opportunistic pathogen normally causing mastitis, abscesses and pneumonia in economically important ruminants. Although only one commercial vaccine of T. pyogenes is currently obtainable, its immunoprotective effect is limited. Pyolysin (PLO) is the most predominant virulence factor highly expressed in T. pyogenes and is an excellent target for the development of novel vaccines against T. pyogenes. In this study, we designed a heterologous prime-boost vaccination scheme combining a DNA vaccine pVAX1-PLO and a subunit vaccine His-PLO to maximize host responses in mice. Humoral and cellular immune responses and protective effects were evaluated in mice to compare the immunogenicity induced by different immunization schemes. Compared to the PBS-control group, in vivo immunization results showed that better immune responses of mice immunized with the pVAX1-PLO plasmids and His-PLO proteins were induced. The residual bacterial burdens from the liver and peritoneal fluid were remarkably decreased in the immunized mice compared with the PBS group. Notably, the heterologous prime-boost vaccination groups significantly enhanced host humoral and cellular immune responses and protected mice from different virulent T. pyogenes strains infection. Conclusively, this study provides a favorable strategy for the further development of next-generation vaccines against T. pyogenes infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10060839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T05:25:42Z","timestamp":1653974742000},"page":"839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Heterologous Prime-Boost Immunization with DNA Vaccine and Modified Recombinant Proteins Enhances Immune Response against Trueperella pyogenes in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2515-065X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuhao","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinrong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bisong","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiwen","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rzewuska, M., Kwiecie\u0144, E., Chrobak-Chmiel, D., Kizerwetter-\u015awida, M., Stefa\u0144ska, I., and Giery\u0144ska, M. 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