{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:47:59Z","timestamp":1790419679026,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Worldwide vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 has allowed the detection of hematologic autoimmune complications. Adverse events (AEs) of this nature had been previously observed in association with other vaccines. The underlying mechanisms are not totally understood, although mimicry between viral and self-antigens plays a relevant role. It is important to remark that, although the incidence of these AEs is extremely low, their evolution may lead to life-threatening scenarios if treatment is not readily initiated. Hematologic autoimmune AEs have been associated with both mRNA and adenoviral vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The main reported entities are secondary immune thrombocytopenia, immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Evans syndrome, and a newly described disorder, so-called vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). The hallmark of VITT is the presence of anti-platelet factor 4 autoantibodies able to trigger platelet activation. Patients with VITT present with thrombocytopenia and may develop thrombosis in unusual locations such as cerebral beds. The management of hematologic autoimmune AEs does not differ significantly from that of these disorders in a non-vaccine context, thus addressing autoantibody production and bleeding\/thromboembolic risk. This means that clinicians must be aware of their distinctive signs in order to diagnose them and initiate treatment as soon as possible.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10060961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,19]],"date-time":"2022-06-19T22:54:52Z","timestamp":1655679292000},"page":"961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["COVID-19 Vaccines and Autoimmune Hematologic Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Eva","family":"Mingot-Castellano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS\/CSIC), 41013 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4601-7150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora","family":"Butta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Canaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, 07210 Palma, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"G\u00f3mez del Castillo Solano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital General de la Coru\u00f1a, 15006 A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanca","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reyes","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-B\u00e1rcenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Serran\u00eda de Ronda, 29400 Ronsa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5442-4886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Pascual-Izquierdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n General University Hospital (HGUGM) Madrid, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28009 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Caballero-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Entrena Ure\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2458-2554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Jos\u00e9 Gonz\u00e1lez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the GEPTI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.10.005","article-title":"Comparing COVID-19 vaccines for their characteristics, efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern: A narrative review","volume":"28","author":"Fiolet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. 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