{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:31:34Z","timestamp":1772253094972,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This prospective study provides data on the long-term humoral immunogenicity of a heterologous off-label vaccine regimen combining the adenoviral-vectored ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 from Astra-Zeneca (ChAd) with the mRNA-1273 vaccine from Moderna (m1273) in comparison with two different homologous mRNA vaccine schedules. Of the 316 COVID-19 na\u00efve adult health care workers (HCW) included to complete a survey on vaccine-associated symptoms (VAS), 197 had received the homologous BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine from Pfizer\/BioNTech (BNT\/BNT), 76 the homologous m1273\/m1273, and 43 the heterologous ChAd\/m1273 vaccine regimen. The concentration of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in plasma 5\u20137 months after the second vaccine dose was higher in the m1273\/m1273 and ChAd\/m1273 than the BNT\/BNT vaccine group. The frequency of systemic VAS after the first vaccine dose was 86% after ChAd compared with 35% and 39% after BNT and m1273, respectively (p &lt; 0.0001), and after the second vaccine dose, the highest (89%) in the m1273\/m1273 group (p &lt; 0.001). Individuals with systemic VAS achieved higher levels of antibodies irrespective of vaccine regimen. In conclusion, VAS serve as a strong predictor of long-term humoral immune response, and the heterologous ChAd\/m1273 vaccine regimen provides an at least equal long-term humoral immune response compared with the standard vaccine regimens used in Denmark.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10101599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T04:07:07Z","timestamp":1663906027000},"page":"1599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-Term Antibody Response against SARS-CoV-2 in Health Care Workers: Effectiveness of Homologous and Heterologous Regimens and Their Relation to Systemic Vaccine-Associated Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2255-7865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helene","family":"Kierkegaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6000 Kolding, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6000 Kolding, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birgit Thorup","family":"R\u00f8ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6000 Kolding, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Nissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6000 Kolding, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6668-4714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonna Skov","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6000 Kolding, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"n1114","article-title":"Arterial events, venous thromboembolism, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding after vaccination with Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S in Denmark and Norway: Population based cohort study","volume":"373","author":"Lund","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gram, M.A., Nielsen, J., Schelde, A.B., Nielsen, K.F., Moustsen-Helms, I.R., S\u00f8rensen, A.K.B., Valentiner-Branth, P., and Emborg, H.-D. 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