{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T07:07:36Z","timestamp":1770275256507,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We provide a systematic review of published cases of optic neuropathy following COVID-19 vaccination. We used Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Search terms included: \u201cCOVID-19 vaccination\u201d, \u201coptic neuropathy\u201d, \u201coptic neuritis\u201d, and \u201cischemic optic neuropathy\u201d. The titles and abstracts were screened, then the full texts were reviewed. Sixty eyes from forty-five patients (28 females) were included. Eighteen eyes from fourteen patients (31.1%) were diagnosed with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION), while 34 eyes from 26 patients (57.8%) were diagnosed with optic neuritis (ON). Other conditions included autoimmune optic neuropathy and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. Fifteen patients (33.3%) had bilateral involvement. The mean age of all patients was 47.4 \u00b1 17.1 years. The mean age of AION patients was 62.9 \u00b1 12.2 years and of ON patients was 39.7 \u00b1 12.8 years (p &lt; 0.001). The mean time from vaccination to ophthalmic symptoms was 9.6 \u00b1 8.7 days. The mean presenting visual acuity (VA) was logMAR 0.990 \u00b1 0.924. For 41 eyes with available follow-up, the mean presenting VA was logMAR 0.842 \u00b1 0.885, which improved to logMAR 0.523 \u00b1 0.860 at final follow-up (p &lt; 0.001). COVID-19 vaccination may be associated with different forms of optic neuropathy. Patients diagnosed with ON were more likely to be younger and to experience visual improvement. More studies are needed to further characterize optic neuropathies associated with COVID-19 vaccination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10101758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:34:30Z","timestamp":1666312470000},"page":"1758","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Optic Neuropathy: A Systematic Review of 45 Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5148-316X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayman G.","family":"Elnahry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11956, Egypt"},{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mutaz Y.","family":"Al-Nawaflh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"},{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology, King Hussein Hospital, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman 11855, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aisha A.","family":"Gamal Eldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Eye Care Center, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Solyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza 11261, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Qassim University Medical City, Al-Qassim 52571, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed B.","family":"Sallam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey and Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul H.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey and Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1412-375X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelrahman M.","family":"Elhusseiny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey and Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2021.09.007","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 and its beta variant of concern infect human conjunctival epithelial cells and induce differential antiviral innate immune response","volume":"23","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ocul. 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