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(INCT-DT)","award":["FAPEMIG"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAPEMIG"]}]},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Doen\u00e7as Tropicais (INCT-DT)","award":["CBB-PPM-00637-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CBB-PPM-00637-17"]}]},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Doen\u00e7as Tropicais (INCT-DT)","award":["INCT-DT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INCT-DT"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Leishmaniasis is a widespread vector-borne disease in Brazil, with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum as the primary etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Dogs are considered the main reservoir of this parasite, whose treatment in Brazil is restricted to the use of veterinary medicines, which do not promote a parasitological cure. Therefore, efficient vaccine development is the best approach to Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) control. With this in mind, this study used hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) as an experimental model in an anti-Leishmania preclinical vaccine trial to evaluate the safety, antigenicity, humoral response, and effects on tissue parasite load. Two novel formulations of nanoparticles made from poly(D, L-lactic) acid (PLA) polymer loading Leishmania braziliensis crude antigen (LB) exhibiting two different particle sizes were utilized: LBPSmG (570 nm) and LBPSmP (388 nm). The results showed that the nanoparticles were safe and harmless to hamsters and were antigenic with the induction in LBSap, LBPSmG, and LBPSmG groups of total anti-Leishmania IgG antibodies 30 days after challenge, which persists 200 days in LBSap and LBPSmP. At the same time, a less pronounced hepatosplenomegaly in LBSap, LBPSmG, and LBPSmP was found when compared to control groups, as well as a less pronounced inflammatory infiltrate and granuloma formation in the spleen. Furthermore, significant reductions of 84%, 81%, and 90% were observed in spleen parasite burden accessed by qPCR in the LBSap, LBPSmG, and LBPSmP groups, respectively. In this way, LBSap, LBPSmG, and LBPSmP formulations showed better results in vaccinated and L. infantum-challenged animals in further reducing parasitic load in the spleen and attenuating lesions in liver and splenic tissues. This results in safe, harmless nanoformulation vaccines with significant immunogenic and infection control potential. In addition, animals vaccinated with LBPSmP had an overall reduction in parasite burden in the spleen, indicating that a smaller nanoparticle could be more efficient in targeting antigen-presenting cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10111848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T03:44:17Z","timestamp":1667360657000},"page":"1848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nanoformulations with Leishmania braziliensis Antigens Triggered Controlled Parasite Burden in Vaccinated Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) against Visceral Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Ottino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaqueline Costa","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Otoni Alves","family":"Melo-J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco Antonio Cabrera","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento Gal\u00eanico e Nanotecnologia, Escola de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Innovaci\u00f3n Agraria, Estaci\u00f3n Experimental Agraria Ba\u00f1os del Inca, Cajamarca 06000, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatiane Furtado","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giani Martins","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento Gal\u00eanico e Nanotecnologia, Escola de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maur\u00edcio Azevedo","family":"Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana Santos","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lilian Lacerda","family":"Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo Toshio","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4830-0470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato Lima","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira","family":"Paes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Silveira-Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5494-4889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olindo Assis","family":"Martins-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Pesquisas Ren\u00e9 Rachou\/Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8890-3030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexsandro Sobreira","family":"Galdino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o Del-Rei (UFSJ), Campus Centro Oeste, Divin\u00f3polis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8394-4802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel Angel","family":"Ch\u00e1vez-Fumagalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Biology and Chemistry Research Group, Vicerrectorado de Investigaci\u00f3n, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Santa Mar\u00eda, Urb. San Jos\u00e9 S\/N, Umacollo, Arequipa 04000, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walderez Ornelas","family":"Dutra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Doen\u00e7as Tropicais\u2014INCT-DT, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0368-6090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa Carla Furtado","family":"Mosqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento Gal\u00eanico e Nanotecnologia, Escola de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4181-7546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodolfo Cordeiro","family":"Giunchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Doen\u00e7as Tropicais\u2014INCT-DT, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"152","article-title":"New Approaches from Nanomedicine for Treating Leishmaniasis","volume":"45","author":"Seabra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. 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