{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T18:43:28Z","timestamp":1782758608891,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: The monkeypox virus is a zoonotic orthopox DNA virus that is closely linked to the virus. In light of the growing concern about this virus, the current research set out to use bioinformatics and immunoinformatics to develop a potential vaccine against the virus. (2) Methods: A multiepitope vaccine was constructed from the B-cell and T-cell epitopes of the MPXVgp181 strain using adjuvant and different linkers. The constructed vaccine was predicted for antigenicity, allergenicity, toxicity, and population coverage. In silico immune simulation studies were also carried out. Expression analysis and cloning of the constructed vaccine was carried out in the pET-28a(+) vector using snapgene. (3) Results: The constructed vaccine was predicted to be antigenic, non-allergenic, and non-toxic. It was predicted to have excellent global population coverage and produced satisfactory immune response. The in silico expression and cloning studies were successful in E. coli, which makes the vaccine construct suitable for mass production in the pharmaceutical industry. (4) Conclusion: The constructed vaccine is based on the B-cell and T-cell epitopes obtained from the MPXVgp181 strain. This research can be useful in developing a vaccine to combat the monkeypox virus globally after performing in-depth in vitro and in vivo studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10122010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T04:01:33Z","timestamp":1669608093000},"page":"2010","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Multi-Epitope Vaccine Design against Monkeypox Virus via Reverse Vaccinology Method Exploiting Immunoinformatic and Bioinformatic Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5546-1504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kunal","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India"},{"name":"Royal School of Pharmacy, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3260-4162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Israa M.","family":"Shamkh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt"},{"name":"Chemo and Bioinformatics Lab, Bio Search Research Institution, BSRI, Giza 12613, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8653-362X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Shahbaz","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa M.","family":"Lotfy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6297-6111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Bosco","family":"Nzeyimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3895-2835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reem Fawaz","family":"Abutayeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2105-107X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia M.","family":"Hamdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7579-5432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalia","family":"Hamza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoonoses Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1999-7803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nongmaithem Randhoni","family":"Chanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Downtown University, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8187-2120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pukar","family":"Khanal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8001-0713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atanu","family":"Bhattacharjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal School of Pharmacy, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0594-7119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emad B.","family":"Basalious","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Al Kasr El-Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"593","article-title":"A human infection caused by monkeypox virus in Basankusu Territory, Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"46","author":"Ladnyj","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bull. 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