{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T18:56:25Z","timestamp":1779216985601,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2021YFC2301703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2301703"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a major source of active tuberculosis, and addressing an LTBI is crucial for the elimination of tuberculosis. The treatment of tuberculosis often requires a 6-month course of multidrug therapy, and for drug-resistant tuberculosis, a longer course of multidrug therapy is needed, which has many drawbacks. At present, vaccines are proposed as an adjunct to chemotherapy to protect populations with an LTBI and delay its recurrence. In this study, we analyzed the protective effect of a novel subunit vaccine, AEC\/BC02, in a guinea pig latent infection model. Through the optimization of different chemotherapy durations and immunization times, it was found that 4 weeks of administration of isoniazid\u2013rifampin tablets combined with three or six injections of the vaccine could significantly reduce the gross pathological score and bacterial load in organs and improve the pathological lesions. This treatment regimen had a better protective effect than the other administration methods. Furthermore, no drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected after 2 or 4 weeks of administration of the isoniazid\u2013rifampin tablets, indicating a low risk of developing drug-resistant bacteria during short-term chemotherapy. The above results provided the foundation for an AEC\/BC02 clinical protocol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10122164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T06:24:44Z","timestamp":1671431084000},"page":"2164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Subunit AEC\/BC02 Vaccine Combined with Antibiotics Provides Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Guinea Pigs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Xiaonan","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"},{"name":"Division of Tuberculosis Vaccine and Allergen Products, Institute of Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinbiao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Tuberculosis Vaccine and Allergen Products, Institute of Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5542-3375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Tuberculosis Vaccine and Allergen Products, Institute of Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weixin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Tuberculosis Vaccine and Allergen Products, Institute of Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaobing","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Tuberculosis Vaccine and Allergen Products, Institute of Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Tuberculosis Vaccine and Allergen Products, Institute of Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongge","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aihua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Tuberculosis Vaccine and Allergen Products, Institute of Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Tuberculosis Vaccine and Allergen Products, Institute of Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2022). 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