{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:53:26Z","timestamp":1791568406568,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]],"date-time":"2022-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq)","award":["168539\/2018-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["168539\/2018-7"]}]},{"name":"National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq)","award":["2018\/10538-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/10538-1"]}]},{"name":"National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq)","award":["2016\/22780-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/22780-6"]}]},{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["168539\/2018-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["168539\/2018-7"]}]},{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["2018\/10538-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/10538-1"]}]},{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["2016\/22780-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/22780-6"]}]},{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP)","award":["168539\/2018-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["168539\/2018-7"]}]},{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP)","award":["2018\/10538-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/10538-1"]}]},{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP)","award":["2016\/22780-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/22780-6"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work aimed to assess, following upstream optimization in Schott flasks, the scalability from this culture platform to a stirred-tank bioreactor in order to yield rabies-recombinant baculovirus, bearing genes of G (BVG) and M (BVM) proteins, and to obtain rabies virus-like particles (VLP) from them, using Sf9 insect cells as a host. Equivalent assays in Schott flasks and a bioreactor were performed to compare both systems and a multivariate statistical approach was also carried out to maximize VLP production as a function of BVG and BVM\u2019s multiplicity of infection (MOI) and harvest time (HT). Viable cell density, cell viability, virus titer, BVG and BVM quantification by dot-blot, and BVG quantification by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were monitored throughout the assays. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize rabies VLP. The optimal combination for maximum VLP expression was BVG and BVM MOI of 2.3 pfu\/cell and 5.1 pfu\/cell, respectively, and 108 h of harvest time. The current study confirmed that the utilization of Schott flasks and a benchtop bioreactor under the conditions applied herein are equivalent regarding the cell death kinetics corresponding to the recombinant baculovirus infection process in Sf9 cells. According to the results, the hydrodynamic and chemical differences in both systems seem to greatly affect the virus and VLP integrity after release.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11010039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T04:42:47Z","timestamp":1672116167000},"page":"39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Performance Comparison of Recombinant Baculovirus and Rabies Virus-like Particles production Using Two Culture Platforms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5143-7024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Giovani Oliveira","family":"Guardalini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biotecnologia Viral, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo Eduardo da Silva","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biotecnologia Viral, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaci","family":"Leme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biotecnologia Viral, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata Gois de","family":"Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biotecnologia Viral, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thaissa Consoni","family":"Bernardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biotecnologia Viral, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone Gon\u00e7alves Silva","family":"Jared","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta Maria","family":"Antoniazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6983-5298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato Mancini","family":"Astray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Multiprop\u00f3sito, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8498-7348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldo","family":"Tonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de C\u00e9lulas Animais, Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo. Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Trav. 3, 380, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2800-392X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eutimio Gustavo","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Engenharia de Bioprocessos, Escola de Artes, Ci\u00eancias e Humanidades (EACH), Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Rua Arlindo B\u00e9ttio, 1000, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 03828-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soraia Attie Calil","family":"Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biotecnologia Viral, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.4149\/av_2017_306","article-title":"Large protein as a potential target for use in rabies diagnostics","volume":"61","author":"Katz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Virol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"39","article-title":"Human rabies: Prospects for elimination","volume":"16","author":"Changalucha","year":"2021","journal-title":"CAB Rev. 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