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In a previous work by our group, we identified T cell epitopes of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis which stimulated patients\u2019 T cells in vitro. In the present work, the peptides were tested as two pools for their ability to rescue memory T cells during natural infection by Leishmania. We analyzed the frequency of central memory (TCM, CD45RA-CD62L+) and effector memory (TEM, CD45RA + CD62L-) cells during active CL and post-treatment. In parallel, we investigated cell proliferation levels and the cytokines produced after stimulation. Interestingly, we observed higher frequencies (%) in CD4+ TEM during CL, and CD8+ TEM and CD8+ TCM during CL and post-treatment. Cell proliferation was increased, and a significant difference in expression was observed on T-bet and ROR\u03b3T. Besides that, IFN-\u03b3, IL-2, and IL-10 were detected in patient samples. Collectively, this dataset suggests that during CL there is an increase in the frequency of TCM and TEM, especially in the CD8 compartment. These results indicate a potentially immunogenic profile of the peptide pools, which can support the development of anti-Leishmania formulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11010158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T06:18:08Z","timestamp":1673417888000},"page":"158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Central and Effector Memory Human CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells during Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and after In Vitro Stimulation with Leishmania\u00a0(Viannia) braziliensis Epitopes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Beatriz Coutinho","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA"},{"name":"Therapeutic Innovation Graduate Program (PPGIT), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Immunology Department, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ailton Alvaro","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapeutic Innovation Graduate Program (PPGIT), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Immunology Department, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9995-7352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marton Kaique","family":"de Andrade Cavalcante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapeutic Innovation Graduate Program (PPGIT), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Immunology Department, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Edileuza Felinto","family":"de Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Carolina Accioly Brelaz","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapeutic Innovation Graduate Program (PPGIT), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Academic Center of Vit\u00f3ria, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vit\u00f3ria de Santo Ant\u00e3o 55608-680, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa Luc\u00edlia Silveira","family":"de Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Clinics, Tropical Medicine Department, Clinics Hospital, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Medical Faculty of Recife, Medical Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"de Freitas e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, University of Pernambuco, Garanhuns Campus, Garanhuns 55294-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9ria R\u00eago Alves","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapeutic Innovation Graduate Program (PPGIT), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Immunology Department, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.12.071","article-title":"Status of vaccine research and development of vaccines for leishmaniasis","volume":"34","author":"Gillespie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"WHO (2021, December 28). 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