{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:43:46Z","timestamp":1790243026625,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Seasonal epidemics of respiratory viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses (PIVs), and human metapneumovirus (MPV) are associated with a significant healthcare burden secondary to hundreds of thousands of hospitalizations every year in the United States (US) alone. Preventive measures implemented to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 infection), including facemasks, hand hygiene, stay-at-home orders, and closure of schools and local\/national borders may have impacted the transmission of these respiratory viruses. In this study, we looked at the hospitalization and mortality trends for various respiratory viral infections from January 2017 to December 2020. We found a strong reduction in all viral respiratory infections, with the lowest admission rates and mortality in the last season (2020) compared to the corresponding months from the past three years (2017\u20132019). This study highlights the importance of public health interventions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic, which had far-reaching public health benefits. Appropriate and timely use of these measures may help to reduce the severity of future seasonal respiratory viral outbreaks as well as their burden on already strained healthcare systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11020412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T04:07:19Z","timestamp":1676261239000},"page":"412","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Trends in Hospitalization and Mortality for Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7604-6978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adeel","family":"Nasrullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburg, PA 15212, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karthik","family":"Gangu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ishan","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anam","family":"Javed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15512, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hina","family":"Shuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi 74700, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8685-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prabal","family":"Chourasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Medicine, Mary Washington Hospital, Fredericksburg, VA 22401, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1200-6886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Shekhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0503-6961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abu","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.05.088","article-title":"Does COVID-19 infection impact on the trend of seasonal influenza infection? 11 countries and regions, from 2014 to 2020","volume":"97","author":"Itaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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