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Statistically, TB kills more than 30,000 people each week and leads to more deaths than any other infectious disease, such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and malaria. TB treatment is largely dependent on BCG vaccination and impacted by the inefficacy of drugs, absence of advanced vaccines, misdiagnosis improper treatment, and social stigma. The BCG vaccine provides partial effectiveness in demographically distinct populations and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB incidences demands the design of novel TB vaccines. Various strategies have been employed to design vaccines against TB, such as: (a) The protein subunit vaccine; (b) The viral vector vaccine; (c) The inactivation of whole-cell vaccine, using related mycobacteria, (d) Recombinant BCG (rBCG) expressing Mycobacterium\u00a0tuberculosis (M.tb) protein or some non-essential gene deleted BCG. There are, approximately, 19 vaccine candidates in different phases of clinical trials. In this article, we review the development of TB vaccines, their status and potential in the treatment of TB. Heterologous immune responses generated by advanced vaccines will contribute to long-lasting immunity and might protect us from both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB. Therefore, advanced vaccine candidates need to be identified and developed to boost the human immune system against TB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11051013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]],"date-time":"2023-05-22T05:04:44Z","timestamp":1684731884000},"page":"1013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Vaccines against Tuberculosis: Where Are We Now?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shruti","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Office, Ashoka University, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonipat 131029, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sajal","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Inner Ring Road, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, Telangana, India"},{"name":"Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangita","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Inner Ring Road, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, March 27). 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