{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:21:46Z","timestamp":1760149306343,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Russia\u2019s aggression against Ukraine in early 2022 resulted in a large migration of refugees to many countries, including Poland. Vaccination coverage for some infectious diseases in Ukraine is lower than in Poland; consequently, the incidence of infectious diseases\u2014including measles, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, and COVID-19\u2014is higher. We aimed to investigate whether the migration of Ukrainians had influenced decisions of Polish parents on having their children vaccinated and to examine their attitudes towards vaccinations. Material and methods: A cross-sectional online survey study was designed. Data on parents\u2019 demographics, attitudes toward vaccination, and knowledge of the current epidemiological situation in Poland were collected. Parents participating in the study were divided into two subgroups for further analysis according to their decisions to have their children vaccinated. Results: A total of 568 questionnaires were collected, of which 21 did not meet the inclusion criteria for the analysis (respondents were not parents). The Ukrainian immigrants\u2019 influx affected 54 (9.87%) participants in their decision of having their children vaccinated. Respondents in this group were more likely to have a positive attitude toward recommended vaccinations (p = 0.0428); in addition, they more often had their children vaccinated with recommended vaccinations (p = 0.0063), believed the vaccination coverage with mandatory vaccinations was higher in Poland than in Ukraine (p = 0.0014), and believed the incidence of diseases covered by mandatory (p = 0.0472) and recommended (p = 0.0097) vaccinations was higher in Ukraine. In addition, parents who declared that the migration had affected their decision regarding their children\u2019s vaccinations had more often been vaccinated due to the influx of Ukrainian immigrants (p &lt; 0.00001) and were more likely to be aware of how migration had impacted the current epidemiological situation in Poland (p = 0.0021). Moreover, the survey more often made these participants think about getting additional vaccinations for themselves (p &lt; 0.0001) and their children (p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: The Ukrainian immigrants\u2019 influx affected nearly one tenth of surveyed parents in their decision of having their children vaccinated. This group was more aware of the differences between infectious diseases\u2019 epidemiology in Poland and Ukraine. In addition, they also had a more positive attitude toward vaccinations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11081306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T09:22:38Z","timestamp":1690795358000},"page":"1306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Parents\u2019 Attitudes towards Vaccinations Regarding the Ukrainian Migration to Poland in 2022"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Martyna","family":"Cholewik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Circle at the Department of Children\u2019s Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Wolska 37, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4425-3411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"St\u0119pie\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Circle at the Department of Children\u2019s Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Wolska 37, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6488-4576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Bie\u0144kowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, \u017bwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Children\u2019s Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Wolska 37, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7783-6904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Pokorska-\u015apiewak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Children\u2019s Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Wolska 37, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, January 20). 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