{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T18:44:21Z","timestamp":1793645061581,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Understanding the drivers of coverage for vaccines offered in the second year of life (2YL) is a critical focus area for Ghana\u2019s life course approach to vaccination. This study characterizes the predictors of vaccine receipt for 2YL vaccines\u2014meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) and the second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2)\u2014in Ghana. Methods: 1522 children aged 18\u201335 months were randomly sampled through household surveys in the Greater Accra Region (GAR), Northern Region (NR), and Volta Region (VR). The association between predictors and vaccination status was modeled using logistic regression with backwards elimination procedures. Predictors included child, caregiver, and household characteristics. Results: Coverage was high for infant vaccines (&gt;85%) but lower for 2YL vaccines (ranging from 60.2% for MACV in GAR to 82.8% for MCV2 in VR). Predictors of vaccination status varied by region. Generally, older, first-born children, those living in rural settlements and those who received their recommended infant vaccines by their first birthday were the most likely to have received 2YL vaccines. Uptake was higher among those with older mothers and children whose caregivers were aware of the vaccination schedule. Conclusions: Improving infant immunization uptake through increased community awareness and targeted strategies, such as parental reminders about vaccination visits, may improve 2YL vaccination coverage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11101515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T10:40:22Z","timestamp":1695552022000},"page":"1515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Predictors for Uptake of Vaccines Offered during the Second Year of Life: Second Dose of Measles-Containing Vaccine and Meningococcal Serogroup A-Containing Vaccine, Ghana, 2020"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Muhoza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3127-3602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica P.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongjiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwame","family":"Amponsa-Achiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Expanded Programme on Immunisation, Disease Control and Prevention Department, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra 00233, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Quaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Expanded Programme on Immunisation, Disease Control and Prevention Department, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra 00233, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Opare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Expanded Programme on Immunisation, Disease Control and Prevention Department, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra 00233, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Okae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Expanded Programme on Immunisation, Disease Control and Prevention Department, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra 00233, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip-Neri","family":"Aboyinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Expanded Programme on Immunisation, Disease Control and Prevention Department, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra 00233, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwadwo L.","family":"Opare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neglected Tropical Diseases Control Programme, Disease Control and Prevention Department, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra 00233, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5002-8368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa T.","family":"Wardle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2264-3229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron S.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7147a1","article-title":"Progress Toward Regional Measles Elimination\u2014Worldwide, 2000\u20132021","volume":"71","author":"Minta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Morb. 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