{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T20:18:59Z","timestamp":1786479539432,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Significant progress has been made in vaccine development worldwide. This study examined the WHO African Region\u2019s vaccine introduction trends from 2000 to 2022, excluding COVID-19 vaccines. We extracted data on vaccine introductions from the WHO\/UNICEF joint reporting form for 17 vaccines. We examined the frequency and percentages of vaccine introductions from 2000 to 2022, as well as between two specific time periods (2000\u20132010 and 2011\u20132022). We analysed Gavi eligible and ineligible countries separately and used a Chi-squared test to determine if vaccine introductions differed significantly. Three vaccines have been introduced in all 47 countries within the region: hepatitis B (HepB), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). Between 2011 and 2022, HepB, Hib, IPV, the second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2), and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) were the five most frequently introduced vaccines. Hepatitis A vaccine has only been introduced in Mauritius, while Japanese encephalitis vaccine has not been introduced in any African country. Between 2000\u20132010 and 2011\u20132022, a statistically significant rise in the number of vaccine introductions was noted (p &lt; 0.001) with a significant positive association between Gavi eligibility and vaccine introductions (p &lt; 0.001). Significant progress has been made in the introduction of new vaccines between 2000 and 2022 in the WHO African Region, with notable introductions between 2011 and 2022. Commitments from countries, and establishing the infrastructure required for effective implementation, remain crucial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11111722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T00:49:47Z","timestamp":1700182187000},"page":"1722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["New Vaccine Introductions in WHO African Region between 2000 and 2022"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chinwe","family":"Iwu-Jaja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases Cluster, World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville P.O. Box 06, Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5721-6425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chidozie Declan","family":"Iwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0031, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anelisa","family":"Jaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles Shey","family":"Wiysonge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases Cluster, World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville P.O. Box 06, Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.10.103","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness and economic benefits of vaccines in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Ozawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32657-X","article-title":"Estimating the health impact of vaccination against ten pathogens in 98 low-income and middle-income countries from 2000 to 2030: A modelling study","volume":"397","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e67635","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.67635","article-title":"Lives saved with vaccination for 10 pathogens across 112 countries in a pre-COVID-19 world","volume":"10","author":"Toor","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023, May 30). 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