{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:09:14Z","timestamp":1791230954067,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["401727\/2020\u20133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["401727\/2020\u20133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["307946\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["307946\/2022-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD)","award":["401727\/2020\u20133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["401727\/2020\u20133"]}]},{"name":"Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD)","award":["307946\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["307946\/2022-3"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT)","award":["401727\/2020\u20133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["401727\/2020\u20133"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT)","award":["307946\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["307946\/2022-3"]}]},{"name":"CAPES (Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior)","award":["401727\/2020\u20133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["401727\/2020\u20133"]}]},{"name":"CAPES (Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior)","award":["307946\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["307946\/2022-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Although the adaptive immune responses to the CoronaVac vaccine are known, their dynamics in indigenous communities remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the humoral and cellular immune responses to CoronaVac (Sinovac Biotech Life Sciences, 2021 NCT05225285, Beijing, China), in immunized Brazilian indigenous individuals. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on indigenous Brazilian people between February 2021 and June 2021. Analyses of immune responses were carried out before (T1) and after a vaccination schedule was completed (T2). Demographic data were collected using a questionnaire. Results: We initially included 328 patients; among them, 120 (36.6%) had no SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from 106 patients during follow-up visits, of which 91 samples were analyzed by immunophenotyping assay to detect SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T-cell response. Post-vaccination, the levels of memory B-cells and Natural Killer T-lymphocytes increased. Boror\u00f3 village residents, females, and Terena ethnic group members had higher levels of anti-spike IgG antibodies post-vaccination, whereas alcohol and tobacco users had lower concentrations. Conclusions: To our best knowledge, this was the first comprehensive assessment of antibody and T-cell responses against CoronaVac vaccination in indigenous patients. Our findings showed that antibody response and T-cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 were present in most patients following the vaccination schedule.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12040402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T06:07:46Z","timestamp":1712729266000},"page":"402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Immune Response to an Inactivated Vaccine of SARS-CoV-2 (CoronaVac) in an Indigenous Brazilian Population: A Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"La\u00eds Albuquerque","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Research Laboratory, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isa Rita Brito","family":"de Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo dos Santos","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Research Laboratory, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4282-5871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvana","family":"Beutinger Marchioro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Layla Oliveira Campos","family":"Leite Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Research Laboratory, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2478-6354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Ferreira Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Research Laboratory, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"da Silva Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Research Laboratory, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Barroso","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dyjaene","family":"de Oliveira Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex Jos\u00e9","family":"Leite Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2367-0915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Simionatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Research Laboratory, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023, December 14). 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