{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:07:10Z","timestamp":1760144830694,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]],"date-time":"2024-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ANRS","award":["ANRS-12403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANRS-12403"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","award":["ANRS-12403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANRS-12403"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The yellow fever (YF) vaccine is one of the safest and most effective vaccines currently available. Still, its administration in people living with HIV (PLWH) is limited due to safety concerns and a lack of consensus regarding decreased immunogenicity and long-lasting protection for this population. The mechanisms associated with impaired YF vaccine immunogenicity in PLWH are not fully understood, but the general immune deregulation during HIV infection may play an important role. To assess if HIV infection impacts YF vaccine immunogenicity and if markers of immune deregulation could predict lower immunogenicity, we evaluated the association of YF neutralization antibody (NAb) titers with the pre-vaccination frequency of activated and exhausted T cells, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and frequency of T cells, B cells, and monocyte subsets in PLWH and HIV-negative controls. We observed impaired YF vaccine immunogenicity in PLWH with lower titers of YF-NAbs 30 days after vaccination, mainly in individuals with CD4 count &lt;350 cells\/mm3. At the baseline, those individuals were characterized by having a higher frequency of activated and exhausted T cells and tissue-like memory B cells. Elevated levels of those markers were also observed in individuals with CD4 count between 500 and 350 cells\/mm3. We observed a negative correlation between the pre-vaccination level of CD8+ T cell exhaustion and CD4+ T cell activation with YF-NAb titers at D365 and the pre-vaccination level of IP-10 with YF-NAb titers at D30 and D365. Our results emphasize the impact of immune activation, exhaustion, and inflammation in YF vaccine immunogenicity in PLWH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12060578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T10:14:07Z","timestamp":1716804847000},"page":"578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of HIV-Related Immune Impairment of Yellow Fever Vaccine Immunogenicity in People Living with HIV\u2014ANRS 12403"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8889-0655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo Gama","family":"Caetano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thais Stelzer","family":"Toledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Carolina Souza","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmem Beatriz Wagner","family":"Giacoia-Gripp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0917-0009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalziza Victalina","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9234-1678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheila Maria Barbosa","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desenvolvimento Experimental e Pr\u00e9-Cl\u00ednico (DEDEP), Bio-Manguinhos\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7401-5107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana de Souza","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de An\u00e1lise Imunomolecular (LANIM), Bio-Manguinhos\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Morata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Grinsztejn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra Wagner","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcellus Dias","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa em Imuniza\u00e7\u00e3o e Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade (LIVS), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana Gomes Pedro","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa em Imuniza\u00e7\u00e3o e Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade (LIVS), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Bispo de Filippis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Flaviv\u00edrus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1851-503X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Scott-Algara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lymphocyte Cell Biology Unit, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7154-8151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara Esteves","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1416-0657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda Heloise","family":"C\u00f4rtes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz\/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garske, T., Van Kerkhove, M.D., Yactayo, S., Ronveaux, O., Lewis, R.F., Staples, J.E., Perea, W., Ferguson, N.M., Burke, D., and De La Hoz, F. 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