{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:46:23Z","timestamp":1790840783288,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Molecular surveillance of circulating measles variants serves as a line of evidence for the absence of endemic circulation and provides a means to track chains of transmission. Molecular surveillance for measles (genotyping) is based on the sequence of 450 nucleotides at the end of the nucleoprotein coding region (N450) of the measles genome. Genotyping was established in 1998 and, with over 50,000 sequence submissions to the Measles Nucleotide Surveillance database, has proven to be an effective resource for countries attempting to trace pathways of transmission. This review summarizes the tools used for the molecular surveillance of measles and describes the challenge posed by the decreased number of circulating measles genotypes. The Global Measles and Rubella Laboratory Network addressed this challenge through the development of new tools such as named strains and distinct sequence identifiers that analyze the diversity within the currently circulating genotypes. The advantages and limitations of these approaches are discussed, together with the need to generate additional sequence data including whole genome sequences to ensure the continued utility of strain surveillance for measles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12070810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T11:40:36Z","timestamp":1721734836000},"page":"810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Global Update on Measles Molecular Epidemiology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Bettina","family":"Bankamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gimin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2549-513X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derek","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASRT, Inc., Atlanta, GA 30346, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Ben Mamou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1933-0726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Penedos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London NW9 5EQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Western Pacific Regional Measles\/Rubella Reference Laboratory, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul A.","family":"Rota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, May 09). 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