{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T18:46:46Z","timestamp":1781290006292,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Maternal vaccinations administered prior to conception or during pregnancy enhance the immune protection of newborn infants against many pathogens. A feasibility experiment was conducted to determine if monkeys can be used to model the placental transfer of maternal antibody against SARS-CoV-2. Six adult rhesus monkeys were immunized with adjuvanted recombinant-protein antigens comprised of receptor-binding domain human IgG1-Fc fusion proteins (RBD-Fc) containing protein sequences from the ancestral-Wuhan or Gamma variants. The female monkeys mounted robust and sustained anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses. Blood samples collected from their infants after delivery verified prenatal transfer of high levels of spike-specific IgG, which were positively correlated with maternal IgG titers at term. In addition, an in vitro test of ACE2 neutralization indicated that the infants\u2019 IgG demonstrated antigen specificity, reflecting prior maternal immunization with either Wuhan or Gamma-variant antigens. All sera showed stronger ACE2-RBD binding inhibition when variants in the assay more closely resembled the vaccine RBD sequence than with more distantly related variants (i.e., Delta and Omicron). Monkeys are a valuable animal model for evaluating new vaccines that can promote maternal and infant health. Further, the findings highlight the enduring nature and safety of the immune protection elicited by an adjuvanted recombinant RBD-Fc vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12080929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T09:13:48Z","timestamp":1724145228000},"page":"929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Maternal Immunization with Adjuvanted Recombinant Receptor-Binding Domain Protein Provides Immune Protection against SARS-CoV-2 in Infant Monkeys"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9335-9060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Coe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harlow Center for Biological Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Nimityongskul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boost Biopharma, Madison, WI 53713, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele R.","family":"Lubach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harlow Center for Biological Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2145-2474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly","family":"Luke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intuitive Biosciences, Madison, WI 53717, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3624-5750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Rancour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boost Biopharma, Madison, WI 53713, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fritz M.","family":"Schomburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boost Biopharma, Madison, WI 53713, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e067696","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-067696","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 positivity in offspring and timing of mother-to-child transmission: Living systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"376","author":"Allotey","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14681","article-title":"Critical care, maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 admitted to eight intensive care units during the wildtype, alpha and delta waves of the pandemic across the North West of England\u2014A retrospective review","volume":"102","author":"Bhatia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. 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