{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:25:55Z","timestamp":1787243155201,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003921","name":"Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Health\/20-21\/PH20\/17578"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Health\/20-21\/PH20\/17578"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Australia commenced administration of the Spikevax (Moderna mRNA-1273) COVID-19 vaccine in August 2021 and Nuvaxovid (Novavax NVX-CoV2373) in January 2022. This study describes the short-term safety profile of priming doses of the Spikevax and Nuvaxovid vaccines given between September 2021 and September 2023. Online surveys were sent via AusVaxSafety, Australia\u2019s active vaccine safety surveillance system, three and eight days after vaccination. A total of 131,775 day 3 surveys were sent, with a response rate of 38.5% (N = 50,721). A total of 43,875 day 8 surveys matched with day 3 survey responses were sent, with a response rate of 71.5% (N = 31,355). Half (50.7%) of respondents reported any adverse event following immunisation (AEFI) in the 0\u20133 days after vaccination and 24.6% reported any AEFI 4\u20137 days after vaccination. Fatigue, local pain, headache, and myalgia were the most frequently reported symptoms for both vaccines in both periods. After adjusting for respondent characteristics, vaccination clinic type, jurisdiction, and medical conditions, the odds for reporting AEFI increased with age from 16\u201319 years to highest odds at 30\u201339 years, after which it declined. Females had greater odd of reporting AEFI than males across most age groups, vaccine types, and doses. Respondents with a history of anaphylaxis had greater odds of reporting any AEFI (adjusted OR range: 1.50\u20132.86). A total of 3.1% of respondents reported seeking medical review 0\u20133 days after vaccination. This study affirms the short-term safety of Spikevax and Nuvaxovid COVID-19 vaccine priming doses in a large sample in Australia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12090971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T09:26:51Z","timestamp":1724750811000},"page":"971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Short-Term Active Safety Surveillance of the Spikevax and Nuvaxovid Priming Doses in Australia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Renee","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4881-2860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Dymock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0066-2218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucy","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"},{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Glover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura K.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanfei Anny","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7183-1360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Cashman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Leeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"Illawarra Medical Centre, Ballajura, Perth, WA 6066, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4670-0638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Snelling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"},{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristine","family":"Macartney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"},{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.51619","article-title":"The short term safety of COVID-19 vaccines in Australia: AusVaxSafety active surveillance, February\u2013August 2021","volume":"217","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. 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WPSAR"}],"container-title":["Vaccines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-393X\/12\/9\/971\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:43:29Z","timestamp":1760111009000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-393X\/12\/9\/971"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["vaccines12090971"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vaccines12090971","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-393X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-393X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]}}}