{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:20:48Z","timestamp":1791937248533,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (STCSM)","award":["CNBG-FNJ-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNBG-FNJ-003"]}]},{"name":"the National Development and Reform Commission","award":["CNBG-FNJ-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNBG-FNJ-003"]}]},{"name":"China National Biotec Group (CNBG)","award":["CNBG-FNJ-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNBG-FNJ-003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: An overwhelming burden to clinics, herpes zoster (HZ), or shingles, is a painful disease that occurs frequently among aged individuals with a varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection history. The cause of shingles is the reactivation of dormant VZV in the dorsal root ganglia\/cranial nerves of the human body. Patients with HZ experience sharp, intense, electric shock-like pain, which makes their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) extremely low. Methods: Various mRNA constructs were designed based on intracellular organelle-targeting strategies and AI algorithm-guided high-throughput automation platform screening and were then synthesized by in vitro transcription and encapsulated with four-component lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Immunogenicity was evaluated on a na\u00efve mouse model, long-term mouse model, and VZV-primed mouse model. Safety was evaluated by a modified \u201cnestlet shredding\u201d method for potential adverse effects induced by vaccines. Comparison between muscular and intradermal administrations was conducted using different inoculated approaches as well. Results: The best vaccine candidate, CVG206, showed robust humoral and cellular immune responses, durable immune protection, and the fewest adverse effects. The CVG206 administered intradermally revealed at least threefold higher humoral and cellular immune responses compared to intramuscular vaccination. The manufactured and lyophilized patch of CVG206 demonstrated good thermal stability at 2\u20138 \u00b0C during 9 months of storage. Conclusions: The lyophilized mRNA vaccine CVG206 possesses remarkable immunogenicity, long-term protection, safety, and thermal stability, and its effectiveness could even be further improved by intradermal administration, revealing that CVG206 is a promising vaccine candidate for HZ in future clinical studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines13030327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T09:18:26Z","timestamp":1742375906000},"page":"327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["An mRNA Vaccine for Herpes Zoster and Its Efficacy Evaluation in Na\u00efve\/Primed Murine Models"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Linglei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2820-2507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenshuo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7208-5639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aijun","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinping","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tengjie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2755-6821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNBG-Virogin Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"Shanghai-Virogin Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuntao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Group China National Biotech Group (CNBG) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100124, China"},{"name":"State key Laboratory of Novel Vaccines for Emerging Infectious Diseases, China National Biotech Group (CNBG) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-37","article-title":"The Impact of Herpes Zoster and Post-Herpetic Neuralgia on Quality-of-Life","volume":"8","author":"Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3284","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03375-14","article-title":"Dissecting the Molecular Mechanisms of the Tropism of VaricellaZoster Virus for Human T Cells","volume":"90","author":"Sen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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