{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:16:08Z","timestamp":1792790168206,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yiwu 133 Innovative Talent Project","award":["R23015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R23015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Viral hepatitis constitutes a substantial global public health challenge. The etiological agents, referred to as hepatitis viruses, are primarily categorized into five types: hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV). Among the various preventive strategies, vaccination is widely acknowledged as the most cost-effective and efficient method for controlling viral hepatitis and its related hepatic complications. To date, numerous countries have initiated extensive vaccination programs targeting hepatitis A and hepatitis B. Advances in biotechnology have facilitated substantial progress in vaccine formulation design, the development of innovative adjuvants, and the utilization of novel vectors. However, significant challenges persist, including inadequate vaccination coverage, inconsistent immune responses among vulnerable populations, and concerns regarding vaccine safety. This article presents a systematic review of recent advancements, the current status of vaccination efforts, and ongoing challenges associated with hepatitis vaccines, with the objective of providing critical insights to support the World Health Organization\u2019s goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines13111174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T09:44:53Z","timestamp":1763631893000},"page":"1174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hepatitis Vaccines: Recent Advances and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5683-0351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yakun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lele","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8267-6191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueke","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinhua 321000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3666-1313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2025, September 27). 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